How To Take Care Of The Elderly With Alzheimer's Disease?

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Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer's disease (AD) has become the fourth leading cause of death in the world after heart disease, tumor, and stroke. The prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of this disease has become one of the world's most difficult problems, and many people do not understand the disease. , so that you don’t know what to do when your loved one develops symptoms. Today we are going to learn about some basic daily care.

First of all, we must first determine which stage the patient is in the development of the disease and give corresponding home care according to the characteristics of each stage.

Mild

Early patients tend to have only personality changes and memory loss. Pay attention to the patient's diet, nutrition, and daily hygiene. Urge patients to take care of their own lives, participate in a variety of social activities, have more contact with the surrounding environment, slow down their neurological decline, and do not let patients go out alone to avoid disorientation

Moderate

Moderate patients need simple self-care with the help of caregivers Help the elderly let the elderly do one thing at their own pace, don't blame them, encourage and comfort them appropriately

The old man made a mistake, patiently correcting it with him. Do some simple games with the old man, let him experience the fun of participating

Severe

Severe patients lose their ability to take care of themselves. Caregivers need to take care of the elderly to eat, dress, clean, etc.

Patients who are bedridden for a long time should prevent the occurrence of bedsores by turning over frequently and scrubbing frequently. Eat foods rich in fiber. Help the patient move actively and perform the gentle exercise.

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Home environment

The color in the living room is bright and warm, and the light is bright but not dazzling; try to avoid changing the home arrangement to create a warm, convenient and safe home environment.

The facilities in the living room should be convenient for the elderly to move, which is conducive to ventilation and lighting.

The toilet adopts a sitting toilet and is equipped with a handrail frame; Barrier-free passages shall be implemented at the event site, and handrails shall be provided in corridors and bathrooms; Items are placed in an orderly manner, and daily necessities are placed in a relatively fixed position that is convenient for the elderly to take so that the elderly can easily identify, pick and place; The floor in the room, toilet, and washroom should be kept dry and free of water, and the floor tiles should be non-slip; Avoid all sharp objects and fragile items from entering the room, and avoid using glass or mirror glass furniture to avoid accidents; The height of the bed should be low, which is convenient for the elderly to get on and off, and there are bed rails on both sides of the bed to prevent the elderly from falling off the bed when restless; For the elderly who do not have legs and feet and who often take sleep aids before going to bed, try to avoid getting up at night to go to the bathroom, and place a urine catcher beside the bed; Be sure to have someone to accompany and support you when going up and down the stairs and going out for a walk to prevent a fall and causing a fracture; The home environment should be safe and closed, and those who have the conditions should install a signal system to prevent the elderly from getting lost when they go out.

Dressing Care

Elderly people with Alzheimer's disease tend to be stubborn in dressing, and sometimes it is unavoidable to dress inappropriately. Caregivers should not argue with them when exchanging instructions with them;

In choosing the style of clothing, you can tell the patient that this piece of clothing is suitable for him, and then tell him how to wear it; Clothing choices for the elderly with Alzheimer's disease can be simply summarized as: simple, loose, and soft.

Wear as few decorations as possible; Wear trousers of the right size and length; Do not wear too many pieces, arrange them in order, and have uniform colors; Try to choose clothes without ironing fabrics; Choose a coat that can be worn on both sides to avoid too many buttons. It is best to use zippers instead of buttons and elastic belts instead of belts; Socks in pairs are not easy to wear and mix; The shoes are the right size, avoid wearing slippers to prevent falls; Choose slip-on instead of lace-up shoes.

Daily cleaning care

For the elderly with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease, caregivers should try their best to comfort and encourage the elderly to do what they can, so as to keep the patient's residual self-care functions as much as possible, such as eating, dressing, housework, washing, etc.; For the elderly with Alzheimer's disease who cannot complete daily behavioral care independently, caregivers should master daily nursing skills to make them comfortable and safe, including bathing in bed, shampooing, oral care, excretion care, etc.; When washing the face, it is generally recommended that the caregiver should help from the back or the side, because washing the face of the patient face-to-face often makes the elderly feel reluctant and refuse or uncooperative; If the elderly refuse to brush their teeth or cannot brush their teeth, they can use a cotton swab dipped in saltwater to scrub and clean; Elderly people with dentures should check whether the dentures fit with the alveolus, and clean the dentures after meals;

Sleep care

Elderly people with Alzheimer's disease often have no concept of time, and their work and rest time is reversed. Caregivers should pay attention to keeping the elderly in regular work and rest life;

Note that it reinforces the concept of replacement of day and night;

It can increase sunlight exposure during the day, appropriately increase activities to consume physical strength, reduce the time spent in bed by the elderly during the day, and make them less energetic at night to ensure a good night's sleep;

Beds should be clean and comfortable and should be washed and dried frequently;

Some elderly people are used to getting up at night, and night lights should be installed in the corridor to prevent the elderly from falling and falling due to the dark light;

For the elderly with Alzheimer's disease who do not like to sleep at night and are afraid of the dark, try to keep the bedroom as warm and comfortable as possible, keep quiet at night, and close the curtains at night to ensure regular rest;

Before going to bed, let the old man go to the bathroom first. If the old man thinks that it is daytime, there should be no quarrel, and he can be comforted and persuaded to fall asleep softly;

You can turn on a small light that is not too bright in the bedroom, and tell the elderly to comfort the elderly, and the caregiver who lives next door so that they have enough sense of security.

Elderly people with Alzheimer's disease will increasingly need the care of their relatives in the later stages, and they will become more and more inseparable from others. Facing families with such patients, they not only need to adjust and take care of the elderly but also need to adjust their own psychology. After all, The best care is companionship!

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