What Are The Detection Methods For Renal Failure

Kidney failure is a disease that seriously endangers people's health and life, and many people lose their lives because of this disease. Most kidney failures are caused by other diseases, among which chronic kidney disease is an important cause of kidney failure. So how can we prevent kidney failure?

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What are the preventive measures for kidney failure?

1. Pay attention to changes in urine

The shape of urine is one of the indicators of kidney function. Most of the wastes in the body are excreted from the urine after being filtered by the kidneys. Frequent observation of the color of one's urine is conducive to early detection and early treatment.

2. Eat a light diet and avoid excessive use of supplements

With the vigorous development of the economy, the quality of people's life has become more and more improved, and people's pursuit of food has become more and more abundant. Treating guests to dinner, gathering with friends, and high-end supplements have become common eating behaviors, but this also brings a series of "side effects" "For example, many people have caused a series of "precious diseases" due to excessive nutrition or high-fat foods, such as gout, diabetes, hypertension, etc. The above three diseases will cause different degrees of damage to the kidneys, resulting in these three diseases. The main reason is diet. Experts suggest: That do not eat high-protein foods in excess, because a large amount of protein intake will increase the burden on the kidneys, damage the kidneys, and cause kidney failure.

3. Supplement water to prevent kidney failure

People who grow up in subtropical regions, generally drink less water and have less urine excretion often have urinary tract inflammation, hyperuricemia, or certain metabolic diseases. These people are prone to kidney stones, and kidney stones may cause obstruction. kidney edema and kidney failure.

4. Regular physical examination to prevent hereditary kidney disease

Kidney tumors tend to occur between the ages of forty and seventy. Male patients with polycystic kidney disease and hereditary kidney disease have a family history of kidney disease. Patients with high blood pressure, diabetes, and childhood nephritis often lead to chronic kidney failure. Patients with this type of kidney disease should do regular check-ups to prevent the condition from worsening to kidney failure.

How to check for kidney failure

The history and symptoms

kidney failure is mostly caused by some chronic diseases, such as various glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, hypertension, diabetes, and gout, so patients with medical history should pay more attention. In particular, anorexia, nausea and vomiting, headache, fatigue, and nocturia, and gradually appear oliguria, edema, or high blood pressure. Most patients have peculiar smell, oral mucosa ulcers, epistaxis or gastrointestinal bleeding, etc., which should be paid attention to

Physical examination

Patients should undergo more physical examinations, and attention should be paid to patients with high blood pressure, anemia or dark complexion, facial or lower extremity edema, mental disorders, and ascites.

Laboratory inspection

1. Urine routine

Patients should perform routine urine examinations frequently. When urine specific gravity decreases or is fixed, urine protein is positive, and there are different degrees of hematuria and casts, patients should pay attention.

2. Blood routine

When patients have decreased hemoglobin and red blood cell counts, decreased hematocrit and reticulocyte counts, and decreased blood trilineage cells in some patients, they may have become patients with kidney failure. prevention work.

3. Imaging examination

B-ultrasound showed that the size of both kidneys was reduced, and the kidney cortex was enhanced; radionuclide kidney dynamic imaging showed decreased glomerular filtration rate and kidney excretion dysfunction; radionuclide bone scan showed kidney osteodystrophy; chest X-ray showed lung Congestion or pulmonary edema, increased cardiothoracic ratio or pericardial effusion, pleural effusion, etc.

What are the symptoms of kidney failure in the elderly?

We all know that the elderly and children are the most susceptible to kidney disease. Generally speaking, after suffering from kidney failure, different clinical symptoms will appear due to the different personal constitutions of the patient and the different periods of the disease. The elderly suffer from kidney disease. The tendency to fail is greater. After suffering from this disease, elderly patients will have different symptoms in different periods of illness, and they can no longer afford the treatment of kidney transplant dialysis! What are the symptoms of kidney failure in the elderly?

What are the symptoms of kidney failure in the elderly? When elderly kidney failure progresses to the polyuria stage, the urine volume increases exponentially day by day. At the beginning of the polyuria period, although the urine volume increased, the kidney eradication rate was still low, and the accumulation of metabolites in the body still existed. After about 4-5 days, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine gradually decreased with the increase of urine volume, and the symptoms of uremia also improved. Excessive excretion of potassium, sodium, chloride, and other electrolytes from the urine can lead to electrolyte imbalance or dehydration. It should be noted that the peak stage of the oliguria period may turn into hypokalemia. This period lasts 1-3 weeks. During the recovery period, the urine output gradually returned to normal, and the kidney function gradually recovered in 3-12 months. Most of the patients' kidney function returned to normal levels, and only a few patients turned into chronic kidney failure.

The progression of kidney failure in the elderly is insidious, and clinical symptoms such as fatigue, anorexia, nausea, and vomiting are often present. And poverty, insomnia, and inattention are early symptoms of kidney failure.

Generally, the disease of kidney failure in the elderly can be manifested in three stages:

First, is the oliguria period, when most patients begin to have oliguria (daily urine output of 50-400ml) or anuria 12-24 hours after the precursor symptoms. Usually lasts 2-4 weeks. May have anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, hiccups, dizziness, headache, restlessness, anemia, bleeding tendency, deep and fast breathing, and even coma, or convulsions.

Second, the accumulation of metabolites: blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, etc. increased. Metabolic acidosis.

Third, there are electrolyte disturbances: hyperkalemia, hyponatremia, hypermagnesemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, etc. Especially hyperkalemia. Severe cases can lead to cardiac arrest. Water balance disorders are prone to excessive water retention; severe cases lead to heart failure, pulmonary edema, or cerebral edema. prone to secondary respiratory and urinary tract infections.

In addition to understanding the manifestations of kidney failure disease in the elderly, patients should also know the treatment of this disease. If kidney damage is in its early stages, it can be managed with medication and diet, but end-stage kidney failure has no hope of recovery. Regarding chronic kidney failure, there are only two ways to treat it, dialysis or kidney transplantation. Kidney transplantation is the surgical procedure in which an organ donor's kidney is transplanted into a patient who has received the transplant. Possible sources of kidneys: Family members, spouses, close friends, or people who are brain-dead and have given their consent to donate organs before death. Of course, matched kidneys usually come from siblings of the recipient, due to the high likelihood that their genes will match.

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