What Are The Symptoms Of Kidney Failure in The Elderly?
May 24, 2022
We all know that the elderly and children are the most susceptible to kidney disease. Generally speaking, after suffering from kidney failure, different clinical symptoms will appear due to the patient's constitution and disease period. The elderly suffer from kidney disease. The tendency to fail is greater. After suffering from this disease, elderly patients will have different symptoms in different periods of illness, and they can no longer afford the treatment of kidney transplant dialysis! What are the symptoms of kidney failure in the elderly?
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What are the symptoms of kidney failure in the elderly? When elderly kidney failure progresses to the polyuria stage, the urine volume increases exponentially day by day. At the beginning of the polyuria period, although the urine volume increased, the kidney eradication rate was still low, and the accumulation of metabolites in the body still existed. After about 4-5 days, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine gradually decreased with the increase of urine volume, and the symptoms of uremia also improved. Excessive excretion of potassium, sodium, chloride, and other electrolytes from the urine can lead to electrolyte imbalance or dehydration. It should be noted that the peak stage of the oliguria period may turn into hypokalemia. This period lasts 1-3 weeks. During the recovery period, the urine output gradually returned to normal, and the kidney function gradually recovered in 3-12 months. Most of the patients' kidney function returned to normal levels, and only a few patients turned into chronic kidney failure.
The progression of kidney failure in the elderly is insidious, and clinical symptoms such as fatigue, anorexia, nausea, and vomiting are often present. And poverty, insomnia, and inattention are early symptoms of kidney failure. Generally, the disease of kidney failure in the elderly can be manifested in three stages:
First, is the oliguria period, when most patients begin to have oliguria (daily urine output of 50-400ml) or anuria 12-24 hours after the precursor symptoms. Usually lasts 2-4 weeks. May have anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, hiccups, dizziness, headache, restlessness, anemia, bleeding tendency, deep and fast breathing, and even coma, or convulsions.
Second, the accumulation of metabolites: blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, etc. increased. Metabolic acidosis.
Third, there are electrolyte disturbances: hyperkalemia, hyponatremia, hypermagnesemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, etc. Especially hyperkalemia. Severe cases can lead to cardiac arrest. Water balance disorders are prone to excessive water retention; severe cases lead to heart failure, pulmonary edema, or cerebral edema. prone to secondary respiratory and urinary tract infections.
In addition to understanding the manifestations of kidney failure disease in the elderly, patients should also know the treatment of this disease. If kidney damage is in its early stages, it can be managed with medication and diet, but end-stage kidney failure has no hope of recovery. Regarding chronic kidney failure, there are only two ways to treat it, dialysis or kidney transplantation. Kidney transplantation is the surgical procedure in which an organ donor's kidney is transplanted into a patient who has received the transplant. Possible sources of kidneys: Family members, spouses, close friends, or people who are brain-dead and have given their consent to donate organs before death. Of course, matched kidneys usually come from siblings of the recipient, due to the high likelihood that their genes will match.
How to prevent acute kidney failure?
Lack of water can lead to kidney failure. In Africa, people drink very little water every day and naturally urinate less, which can easily cause stones and inflammation in the kidneys, which in turn can lead to kidney failure. This example also reminds everyone of the benefits of drinking more water at ordinary times and paying more attention to intervening in the metabolism of the kidneys to keep the kidneys healthy. There are many reasons for acute kidney failure. This disease is a very serious clinical disease, so prevention is very important. How to prevent such a serious disease, let's take a look.
Conditions that increase the risk of kidney failure include high blood pressure, diabetes, obesity, heart failure, and long-term chronic kidney disease. If you suffer from any of the above conditions, you must be very careful with new treatments and new medications. In general, aspirin and ibuprofen can impair kidney function in these chronic patients, thereby increasing the chance of developing kidney failure, so patients should try to avoid them. If you are undergoing surgery in the hospital or the disease is severely damaged, the risk of kidney failure is further increased at this time, and the attending doctor may take some preventive measures according to the situation, common are
1) To maintain the balance of fluid volume in the body, at this time The infusion volume is determined by precise calculation.
2) Your intake and excretion will be measured and recorded, and you will be asked to weigh yourself every day
3) Observe changes in blood pressure. Blood pressure is measured several times a day.
4) Blood is often drawn for testing to observe changes in electrolytes.
5) The diet should be quantitative. The daily intake of carbohydrates should be at least about 100 grams, and protein should be avoided.
6) Use with caution. Each of your medications is carefully compared and considered to ensure that it does not burden your kidneys. Medications containing magnesium ions are generally discontinued. At the same time, the dosage will be adjusted.
To prevent kidney failure drinking plenty of water
1. Patients and friends should pay attention to changes in urine
The shape of urine is one of the indicators of kidney function. Most of the wastes in the body are excreted in the urine after being filtered by the kidneys. You should always observe the color of your urine for early detection and early treatment. For example, foamy urine is a manifestation of white cloudy urine, which is a manifestation of urethral inflammation and a large amount of phosphate excretion. Frequent urination, burning, and frequent urination can be determined to be urinary tract infections. Nocturia is also an early symptom of kidney insufficiency, so observation of these symptoms and timely examination can lead to early intervention for kidney damage to prevent kidney failure caused by delay in the disease.
2. Regular physical examination of patients and friends to prevent hereditary nephropathy
Kidney tumors are more common in males between the ages of 40 and 70. kidney cysts and hereditary kidney disease have a family history of kidney disease. Hypertension and childhood nephritis are all potential causes of chronic kidney failure. Therefore, if you have such diseases, you should regularly test your kidney function to have an understanding of your kidneys for early detection and early treatment.
3. The patient has a light diet and avoids excessive use of supplements
People's pursuit of food is also becoming more and more abundant, and high-end supplements have become a common eating behavior, but this has also brought a series of "side effects". For example, the above three diseases, such as gout and diabetes, will cause different degrees of damage to the kidneys, and the relevant factor causing these three diseases is that the form of diet should protect the kidneys.
