Establishment And Application Of A New Development Model Of Whole Industrial Chain Of Cistanches Herba
Mar 20, 2022
TU Peng-fei1* ， JIANG Yong1， GUO Yu-hai2， TIAN Yong-zhen3， LI Xiao-bo4
［Abstract］Cistanches Herba( CH) is a desert endangered parasitic plant and one of the most famous tonic traditional Chinese medicines( TCM). After the first academic symposium on CH and the foundation of the National Cistanche Research Cooperation Group in 2000， the organized research and industrialization promotion of CH has been carried out. With the vigorous promotion of governments at all levels and the continuous efforts of the industry， CH has developed from an endangered plant in the past to a variety of TCM with a planting area of 2 million mu and an annual output of over 7000 t. A number of innovative drugs and health products have been developed， and the annual output value of the relevant industries has grown from less than 2 billion CNY to more than 20 billion CNY. In the present paper， we systematically introduced the brilliant achievements made in the research and promotion of cultivation technology， research on active components and their mechanism， quality control and standard establishment， new product development, and industrial development of CH in the past 20 years. Moreover， the key problems existing in the current industrial development and their corresponding solution were pointed out， and the prospects for the industry development of CH were predicted， which will provide not only the guidance for efficient and high-quality development of CH industry but also the useful reference for the development of the whole industry chain of endangered Chinese medicine.
［Keywords] Cistanches Herba; endangered Chinese medicine; industrial development; whole industrial chain
Contact: ali.ma@wecistanche.com
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Cistanche deserticola is a famous tonic Chinese medicine, listed as the top grade in the "Shen Nong's Materia Medica", and listed in the "Dao Zang" in the Kaiyuan period (713-741) of the Tang Dynasty. Cistanche deserticola has the effects of tonifying kidney yang, nourishing kidney yin, nourishing essence and blood, moistening intestines, and laxatives. The most frequently used prescriptions in the past dynasties are kidney yang. Modern research shows that Cistanche has many pharmacological effects such as improving sexual function, anti-aging, improving learning and memory ability, anti-Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, regulating immune function, anti-fatigue, laxative, and liver protection. One of the Chinese herbal medicines, known as "desert ginseng" [2].
Cistanche is a root parasitic plant, and its hosts are desert pioneer plants Haloxylon, Tamarix, etc. Due to long-term indiscriminate mining, its wild resources are on the verge of exhaustion, and Cistanche deserticola has been listed in Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) [2]. Due to the shortage of resources, the Cistanche industry has been stagnant for a long time. Since the 1990s, especially since the first Academic Symposium on Cistanche was held in 2000 and the establishment of the National Cistanche Research Collaborative Group, under the vigorous promotion of governments at all levels, researchers have systematically elucidated the parasitic mechanism of Cistanche through continuous efforts and made breakthroughs. He established the key technology of artificial planting of parasitic plants, established the high-yield and stable-yield cultivation technology system of Cistanche, and promoted it on a large scale in the desert areas of northwest my country, completely solved the problem of the lack of medicinal resources of Cistanche, and protected the wild resources; clarified the traditional efficacy of Cistanche Based on the substance basis and mechanism of action, new pharmacodynamic effects and clinical value have been discovered; the quality standard system has been established and improved to ensure the quality and clinical efficacy of medicinal materials; a number of innovative drugs and health products have been developed with Cistanche deserticola as the main raw material, and The innovation and development system of the entire industrial chain of endangered traditional Chinese medicine has been established, and the international influence of Cistanche deserticola has been continuously expanded.
1 Establish high-yield and stable-yielding cultivation techniques for Cistanche deserticola and promote them on a large scale
1.1 Wild resources are on the verge of depletion due to indiscriminate mining
Cistanche is a root parasitic plant, and due to its parasitic characteristics, its natural reproductive ability is very weak. As a traditional Chinese medicine, Cistanche deserticola is generally excavated when it is unearthed or just unearthed. Since the 1980s, with the advancement of my country's reform and opening up, the people's health undertakings and the traditional Chinese medicine industry have developed rapidly. As a commonly used kidney-tonifying traditional Chinese medicine, Cistanche deserticola has experienced rapid growth in market demand and rising prices (in 1990, the market price was 150-200 yuan). yuan/kg). Driven by market demand and interests, from late March to late April every year, a large number of farmers and herdsmen flock to the desert areas of western Inner Mongolia, Gansu, and Xinjiang to dig Cistanche. In the early 1990s, Tu Pengfei et al. [3] conducted a systematic survey on the resources of Cistanche in Alxa League, Inner Mongolia, and Xinjiang, and found that it is difficult to see the flowering Cistanche. If there is no chance of flowering and fruiting, this species will soon perish. At the same time, after digging Cistanche, the diggers basically do not backfill the digging pits, resulting in deep digging pits everywhere on the ground and flying sand. The indiscriminate mining of wild resources has not only led to the depletion of Cistanche deserticola resources, and most pharmacies and hospital pharmacies have no supply of decoction pieces, but also caused serious damage to the desert environment and ecology. To this end, the State Council of the People's Republic of China issued a special document in 2000, "Notice on Prohibiting the Collection and Sale of Nossa and Preventing the Indiscriminate Digging of Licorice and Ephedra" (Guo Fa [2000] No. 13). 5 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines, and put forward a series of protection measures.
1.2 Establish a high-yield and stable-yield cultivation technology system
In 1985, Ge Jianxin of Alxa League Pharmaceutical Company began to inoculate desert Cistanche deserticola in the roots of Haloxylon, which started the history of artificial cultivation of Cistanche deserticola. Due to the lack of understanding of the parasitic mechanism of Cistanche plants, the inoculation in the early years was to find the root of the host first, sprinkle the seeds of Cistanche on the root of the host, or peel off the root bark of the host and sprinkle the seeds of Cistanche in it. These methods not only have low inoculation efficiency but also the inoculation rate is also very low, which cannot be widely promoted.
In 1990, Tu Pengfei began to conduct research on the resources and basic biology of Cistanche deserticola, especially the research on parasitic biology and found that the seeds of Cistanche deserticola could induce the growth of the host root in its direction, and the signal substances in the host root induced the germination of the seeds of Cistanche deserticola. Cistanche Cistanche seed sowing mode.
In order to establish high-yield and stable cultivation techniques for Cistanche and its host plants, Tu Pengfei invited Professor Guo Yuhai of China Agricultural University, Senior Engineer Tian Yongzhen, former Director of the Forestry and Desert Control Research Institute of Alxa League, Professor Li Xiaobo of Shanghai Jiaotong University, and Hetian Tianli Shasheng Pharmaceutical Development Responsibility Co., Ltd. and other teams formed the Cistanche Research Collaborative Group (hereinafter referred to as the "cooperative group"), and systematically carried out a systematic study of the biological basis, cultivation techniques, harvesting and processing of desert Cistanche, Cistanche Cistanche and their hosts Haloxylon ammonium and Tamarix Research [2]. The research results showed that the germination of Cistanche seeds requires low-temperature stratification, and fluridone can induce the germination of Cistanche seeds[4]. For the first time, the collaborative group established a method to germinate seeds without the host root, thus establishing the seed germination rate determination and quality grading standards; established the technical specifications for the production of high-quality seeds of Cistanche and the grading standards for Haloxylon ammonium seeds and seedlings, and Tamarix seedlings , to ensure the inoculation rate from the source; developed pelleted seeds, which solved the problem of quantitative and mechanized inoculation; established a visual inoculation technology to provide a simple and effective method for the research of root parasitic plant inoculation technology; cultivated the "Cistanche deserticola-host" integrated seedling , to realize the precise production of parasitic plants; established a perfect field management plan and soil testing formula precision fertilization technology, effectively improving the yield and quality; established the production model of Cistanche pipiensis "one year autumn, next year autumn harvest", which not only prevents freezing damage, but also Improve production efficiency; established processing technologies such as drying of fresh slices, drying after high temperature sterilization, freeze-drying, etc., to increase the content of active ingredients by 3 to 10 times; formulate two standardized cultivation technology systems for Cistanche, among which the Cistanche Cistanche Demonstration Base has passed the The former State Food and Drug Administration's "Quality Management Practice for Chinese Medicinal Materials" (GAP) certification; clarified the suitable planting area, growth period and optimal harvest period of two species of Cistanche; established high-yield and stable-yield type and desert control type respectively The artificial planting technology of Cistanche deserticola and its host has made the cultivation of Cistanche deserticola develop from "imitation wild" cultivation to field cultivation with full management of "seed treatment - inoculation parasitic period - succulent stem growth period - budding and flowering period - fruit cracking maturity period". The high-quality and high-yield cultivation technology system of Cistanche deserticola in Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang production areas respectively [5-8]. A series of breakthroughs in key technologies have increased the field inoculation rate of Cistanche deserticola from less than 20% to more than 95%, and the yield per mu (1 mu ≈ 666.67 m2) has increased from less than 18 kg to more than 300 kg, realizing the artificial The goal of planting high and stable yields.
1.3 Large-scale promotion of high-yield and stable-yield cultivation techniques
In the 1990s, it was very difficult to popularize the cultivation technology of Cistanche deserticola in the western sandy area. In order to raise the awareness of local governments and farmers and herdsmen on the development of the ecological industry of Cistanche deserticola, the collaboration group organized the "Symposium on Cistanche deserticola and Pseudomonas Medicinal Plants" in the main producing areas of Cistanche deserticola. Since 2000, 10 academic seminars have been held successively in major producing areas such as Alxa in Inner Mongolia, Hotan in Xinjiang, Dengkou in Inner Mongolia, etc., which not only effectively improved the understanding of local governments and farmers and herdsmen on the development of the Cistanche industry but also improved The whole society's understanding of the medicinal value and health care function, ecological benefit and social benefit of Cistanche deserticola. The "Symposium on Cistanche and Medicinal Plants from Desert Sand" has developed into a brand conference for the international cistanche industry and the sand industry. It not only promotes the culture of traditional Chinese medicine but also makes the world understand China's desertification control and innovative ideas and implementation of the "Washington Treaty". Brilliant results.
In order to promote the cultivation technology of Cistanche deserticola on a large scale, with the support of the National Science and Technology Benefiting the People Program and other projects, the collaborative group compiled the "Cistanche Cultivation Technology Series" and related materials, and distributed them to the technicians and farmers and herdsmen in the production area for free; It has trained more than 200 management and technical personnel, and trained more than 6,000 farmers and herdsmen; established a Tamarix seedling base of 1,220 mu in Yutian County, Xinjiang, with an annual output of 1,220 hectares. 10.61 million seedlings; 2,300 mu of Cistanche tubulosa seed base was established, with an annual output of 6,000 kg of seeds, and nearly 9 t of high-quality seeds of Cistanche tuber were distributed to farmers and herdsmen for free; 5,000 mu of high-yield and stable-yield demonstration base of Cistanche tuber was established, producing fresh medicinal materials per mu It has reached more than 300 kg, and has passed GAP certification, Amway Nutrilite and organic food certification; Inner Mongolia Alxa League established a desert cistanche demonstration base of 18,000 mu.
With the strong support of governments at all levels and the long-term efforts of all colleagues in the Cistanche industry, as of 2019, the collaboration group has promoted the cultivation of more than 400,000 mu of Tamarix and Cistanche in the desert of Hotan, Xinjiang, and combined with desert management, imitating wild planting Tamarix inoculates more than 100,000 mu of Cistanche, with an annual output of 5,000 t of medicinal materials; 250,000 mu of Haloxylon ammonium is planted in Qiemo, Yutian, Alasu, Turpan and other places in Xinjiang, and 110,000 mu of desert Cistanche is inoculated, with an annual output of 500 t of medicinal materials; Combined with desertification control, more than 5.5 million mu of Haloxylon amaryllis were planted in Alxa League, Dengkou County, Inner Mongolia, Minqin County, Gansu and other places.
So far, a total of 6.25 million mu of Haloxylon ammonium and Tamarix have been planted, 2 million mu of Cistanche has been inoculated, and the annual output of medicinal materials is 7,000 tons, which fully meets the current market demand, and not only guarantees more than 200 products such as Cistanche Total Glycosides Capsules, Huiren Shenbao, Jingjiu, etc. It is the raw material supply for Chinese patent medicines and health products, and lays a raw material foundation for the development of the large-scale health industry of Cistanche cistanche and the cultivation of large varieties; it effectively protects wild resources and becomes a model for fulfilling CITES; 6.25 million mu of desert is controlled, and it is the main producing area of cistanche deserticola It has built a solid ecological barrier with North China, saved more than 12 billion yuan of sand control funds for the country, and created a new method of sustainable desert control with Chinese characteristics; it has driven more than 200,000 people in sandy areas to become rich, and created a new model of targeted poverty alleviation in desertified areas. , has played an important role in maintaining social stability and long-term stability in frontier ethnic areas.
2 Elucidation of functional substances and mining of clinical value
2.1 Elucidation of functional substances of Cistanche deserticola and their mechanism of action
The traditional functions of Cistanche are to invigorate the kidney yang, nourish the kidney yin, nourish the essence and blood, moisten the intestines and relieve constipation. Since the 1980s, Yomeishu Co., Ltd. (Japan), Tu Pengfei's research group, and Yoshikawa Yazhi's research group have carried out systematic research on the chemical constituents of Cistanche in China. Iridoids and their glycosides, lignan glycosides, oligosaccharides and oligosaccharide esters, polysaccharides, mannitol and betaine, and other components [9]. Among them, the phenylethanoid glycosides are Cistanche deserticola
The main components of the genus, such as echinacoside, in some samples of Cistanche , the mass fraction is as high as 40%, and the mass fraction of verbascoside is as high as 10% [10].
The main medicinal substances of Cistanche deserticola for tonifying kidney yang, nourishing kidney yin and invigorating essence and blood are phenylethanoid glycosides and polysaccharides. hormone levels [11]. The kidney-tonifying effect of Cistanche is different from other kidney-tonifying or aphrodisiac medicines. It mainly plays its role by improving body functions, which also verifies Li Shizhen's [12] in "Compendium of Materia Medica" that "this substance is tonic but not severe, so it should be taken calmly. number" discussion. The main medicinal substances of the laxative effect of Cistanche deserticola are oligosaccharides, mannitol, and betaine, and the main mechanism is to increase the intestinal osmotic pressure, inhibit the absorption of water in the large intestine, and promote peristalsis [13]. Therefore, Cistanche Cistanche is a volume-type laxative, which will not cause diarrhea. It is especially suitable for senile constipation, those with physical weakness, and the constipation of pregnant women. It is a very characteristic laxative.
2.2 Discover the new biological activity and clinical value of Cistanche deserticola
In the past 20 years, scholars at home and abroad have carried out various biological activities and pharmacological studies on the extract of Cistanche deserticola and its main active components and found that the phenylethanoid glycosides of Cistanche deserticola have anti-aging, improve learning and memory ability, and anti-Alzheimer's disease. and Parkinson's disease, anti-depression, liver protection, anti-myocardial ischemia, and cerebral ischemia, promoting bone growth and anti-osteoporosis, etc. The main mechanisms of action are anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, relaxation of vascular smooth muscle, etc. [9]. In-depth exploration of the clinical value and health care function of Cistanche deserticola can provide a scientific basis for its in-depth development and cultivation of large varieties.
3 Build a complete quality standard system to ensure clinical drug use
Tu Pengfei's team has established complete quality standards for Cistanche deserticola and decoction pieces, including traits, identification, inspection, fingerprinting, and multi-component content determination. Comprehensive follow-up analysis provides a reference for the selection of suitable production areas of Cistanche, and also provides quality control technology for the research and large-scale promotion of Cistanche cultivation technology; The 2010 edition of the quality standard of Cistanche deserticola; according to the textual research of the herbal research and historical application, chemical composition, efficacy, and safety comparative research, Cistanche Cistanche is included in the 2005 edition of "Chinese Pharmacopoeia" as the source plant of Cistanche Cistanche, and the high-quality resources of Cistanche deserticola are added. It has laid the foundation for the development of the Cistanche deserticola industry in the southern Xinjiang region.
Tu Pengfei's team used multi-dimensional chromatography-mass spectrometry and quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance technology to establish a method for the analysis of the total components of Cistanche deserticola and Cistanche deserticola. The content of phenylethanoid glycosides in Cistanche is relatively high, the content of oligosaccharides is relatively low, and it does not contain betaine [9]. Combined with the results of its pharmacodynamics research, it was found that Cistanche deserticola has a stronger effect on moistening the intestines and laxatives, while Cistanche pipiensis has more effects in nourishing the kidney, nourishing essence, anti-aging, anti-Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease, and protecting the liver. Well, the two species of Cistanche have their own characteristics, which provide a reference for accurate clinical use.
Tu Pengfei's team formulated the quality standard of "Alashan Cistanche" authentic medicinal material through textual research on herbal medicine, comparative analysis of biological and chemical components. Through the demonstration of the National Technical Committee for Testing and Certification of Chinese Medicinal Materials, "Cistanche Alxa" has become the first authentic medicinal material of Cistanche in Alxa to pass the national demonstration, laying a brand foundation for the development of the characteristic industry of Cistanche Alxa.
4 Develop a series of products and cultivate large varieties of Chinese herbal medicines
The cultivation technology of Cistanche deserticola has matured, and the resource problem has been completely solved
Therefore, the development and industrialization of downstream products have become the key to the sustainable development of the industry. Domestic and foreign scientific and technological circles and related enterprises have fully realized this, and have invested a lot of manpower and financial resources in the research and development of Cistanche deserticola related products, which have achieved certain results. Tu Pengfei's team successfully developed the total phenylethanoid glycosides of Cistanche Cistanche into an effective new drug for the treatment of vascular dementia on the basis of the discovery that Cistanche Cistanche phenethyl glycosides have anti-Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease resistance. Capsules”, which was approved for the market in 2005 and is currently produced by Jiangsu Kangyuan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; the active ingredient “echinacoside” of Cistanche deserticola has been developed into a new class of drugs for the treatment of vascular dementia “echinacoside tablets” ”, obtained the clinical approval in 2017, and has completed the Phase I clinical trial; the effective part of Cistanche deserticola for laxative “total sugar alcohol of Cistanche deserticola” has been developed into a new drug for the treatment of constipation, and the clinical approval will be obtained in 2020, and Phase I has also been completed Clinical Trials. Jiangxi Huiren Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. has developed "Shenbao Tablets" series products with Cistanche as one of the main flavors; Hubei Jin Brand Company has developed "Jingjiu" with Cistanche as one of the flavors; Inner Mongolia Alxa Cistanche Group With Cistanche as the main medicinal flavor, it has developed medicines such as "Qiwei Cistanche Wine" and "Cistanche Health Liquid"; Amway (China) has developed "Ginkgo Cistanche Tablets"; Xinjiang Dichen Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Co., Ltd. cooperated with Xinjiang Institute of Ethnic Medicine Developed "Kangka Tablets"; Japan's Eijin Trading Company has also developed a number of cistanche-related health products. There are also a large number of Cistanche related products under application and research and development. In 2017, with Inner Mongolia Mandrasa Industrial Development Co., Ltd. as the lead unit and Professor Jiang Yong from Peking University as the project leader, it successfully obtained the support of the National Key Research and Development Program of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization Project and planned to develop a large number of Cistanche cistanche health products. Completion will provide a strong impetus for the development of the Cistanche deserticola health industry.
5 The industry is beginning to take shape and has huge development potential
Before 2000, due to the depletion of Cistanche deserticola resources, product development and industrialization had been at a low ebb, and more than 100 Chinese patent medicines with Cistanche deserticola as prescription flavors were basically discontinued or semi-discontinued. With the maturity of the cultivation technology of Cistanche Cistanche and the success of the large-scale promotion, especially the medicinal value and health care function of Cistanche are gradually recognized. At the same time, a batch of products with Cistanche as prescription medicinal flavor also began to emerge. According to incomplete statistics, the current annual sales of cistanche medicinal materials are about 450 million yuan, the annual sales of decoction pieces are about 650 million yuan, the annual sales of related Chinese patent medicines are about 5.5 billion yuan, and the annual sales of related health products are about 5.5 billion yuan. About 14 billion yuan. Therefore, the current overall scale of the Cistanche industry is about 20.6 billion yuan, and the industry has begun to take shape.
With the aging of my country's social population and the implementation of the "Healthy China 2030" plan, it has definite effects and characteristics in the aspects of nourishing the kidney, anti-aging, anti-Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease, protecting the liver, moistening the intestines, and laxatives, etc. Cistanche is bound to usher in a brilliant development prospect. To this end, in 2017, at the 9th Academic Symposium on Cistanche Cistanche, the collaboration group clearly proposed to build Cistanche deserticola into a large variety of Chinese medicinal materials with an annual output value of more than 50 billion yuan within 10 years.
6 Problems existing in industrial development and their countermeasures
6.1 Key issues facing industrial development
Cistanche industry has bright prospects for development, but there are still many difficulties. The main problems are as follows: 1) Governments at all levels have insufficient understanding of the ecological, economic and social value of cistanche industry development, and insufficient support for industrial development; 2) Current professional The enterprises engaged in the development and industrial development of Cistanche deserticola are small in scale, lacking in technology, capital and management, and do not have the ability to strengthen and expand the Cistanche deserticola industry; 3) The basic research of Cistanche deserticola still needs to be further in-depth, especially the rich chemical content of Cistanche deserticola. The pharmacological effects and health care functions of the ingredients still need to be further explored; 4) The development of Cistanche deserticola related products is still very lacking, and most of them have low technological content, which is difficult to support the development of the large industry of Cistanche deserticola; 5) Publicity and market development are very weak, especially in the international market. open up.
6.2 Countermeasures to be taken for industrial development
In order to achieve the development goal of the Cistanche industry, governments at all levels and the industry in the Cistanche production area must make concerted efforts to focus on four major things.
6.2.1 Governments at all levels have increased their support for the development of the Cistanche Cistanche industry.
The Cistanche Cistanche industry is a rare industry that combines ecological, social, and economic benefits. Its development not only contributes to the development of people's health and the Chinese medicine industry It can make a huge contribution, and more importantly, it can make a huge contribution to desert governance and ecological protection, stability, and long-term stability in frontier ethnic areas. Therefore, governments at all levels should elevate the development of the Cistanche industry to the strategic height of ecological security and social stability, and give greater support to the development of the Cistanche industry in terms of funds, policies, and talents. To this end, we strongly call for 1) Cistanche deserticola should be listed as soon as possible in the catalog of Chinese medicinal materials with the same origin as medicine and food, to meet the needs of people's health and industrial development, especially to promote the ecological, economic and social development in southern Xinjiang; The planting of its host plants is included in the key desertification control projects, and funds are supported and supported in accordance with the relevant policies of desertification control; 3) In terms of scientific and technological projects, credit, taxation, talent projects, etc., the research and industrial development of Cistanche deserticola are inclined.
6.2.2 Carry out in-depth basic research to provide strong impetus for industrial development
Carry out in-depth basic research on Cistanche deserticola, especially for the rich chemical components contained in Cistanche deserticola, in-depth research on pharmacological effects and health care functions, and on the basis of traditional efficacy, further in-depth research Its medicinal value and health care function provide a scientific basis for the development of high value-added products and the comprehensive utilization of various ingredients. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, it is planned to develop 100 single-drug or compound medicines and health food products of Cistanche; 5-10 kinds of decoction pieces and different extracts of Cistanche; re-research and secondary development of commercialized Chinese patent medicines related to Cistanche, to give full play to the role of existing Chinese patent medicines in the development of the Cistanche deserticola industry; to take advantage of the great opportunity of the desert Cistanche deserticola that has been included in the pilot work of substances that are both food and Chinese herbal medicines (Guowei Food Letter [2019] No. 311), mainly desert Cistanche deserticola Raw material development 20 to 30 single-flavor or compound foods.
From food, health products, and medicines, a comprehensive health product system of Cistanche Cistanche will be built, which will provide a strong impetus for the creation of a large variety of Chinese medicinal materials of Cistanche deserticola.
6.2.3 Attract large enterprises and build a large platform for the development of the Cistanche industry.
Through product development, technical cooperation, and other forms of guidance, attract 10 to 20 large enterprises to enter the field of the Cistanche industry; Enterprise development, cultivate 3 to 5 listed companies whose main business is the development of Cistanche deserticola. Through 10 years of development, 20 large-scale enterprises with annual sales of cistanche related products exceeding 1 billion yuan have been cultivated. Establish Cistanche research institutes and specialized markets in the Hotan area of Xinjiang, the main producing area of Cistanche, the Alexa League of Inner Mongolia, and other places, and cultivate 2-3 characteristic areas with Cistanche as a pillar industry.
6.2.4 Increase publicity, vigorously develop the domestic market and focus on developing the international market
Further strengthen the publicity of the ecological benefits, medicinal values, and social benefits of Cistanche deserticola as well as related products, popularize the relevant knowledge of Cistanche deserticola across the country, and provide public opinion support for market development. Through various forms, vigorously develop the domestic market. Strengthen cooperation with internationally renowned universities and scientific research units to jointly carry out research and product development of Cistanche cistanche to provide scientific and technological support for international market development; strengthen cooperation with internationally renowned enterprises to jointly develop international markets; strengthen the export of extracts and products suitable for international markets Research and development, to provide rich products for the international market; on the basis of further strengthening the existing market development in the United States, Japan, Southeast Asian countries, etc., seize the development opportunities of the "Belt and Road", and focus on developing the Middle East, Europe, and other markets.
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