Science: HIV Mutant Strains Have Emerged, More Virulent And More Infectious. What Should We Do At This Time?

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As we all know, HIV (HIV) is a retrovirus that can attack the human immune system. It will attack and destroy the most important CD4+ T lymphocytes in the human immune system in large numbers, causing patients to go through an incubation period of several years or even more than 10 years. Later develop into AIDS (AIDS) patients, and eventually lose immune function.

HIV (HIV) is divided into two main types, HIV-1 and HIV-2. The former is more virulent, infecting the vast majority of cases worldwide. Data shows that HIV-1 affects more than 38 million people worldwide and has claimed 33 million lives over 40 years.

For years, there have been fears of HIV-1 mutating, and a new study appears to confirm that possibility.

In the early morning of February 4th, Beijing time, in a new study published in Science, a large international research team led by Oxford University in the United Kingdom discovered a more aggressive HIV variant strain in the Netherlands, which is similar to HIV- 1 Compared to the original strain, it can develop AIDS at twice the rate of an infected person.

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The researchers stress that because the new HIV variant is more virulent, it can be fatal if not detected early.

This more virulent and faster-spreading strain is named HIV-1 subtype virus (VB). VB may also have an impact on COVID-19, the researchers said, as persistent mutations fuel the ongoing pandemic.

In the new study, the researchers investigated the Linking HIV Epidemiology and Evolution in Europe project (BEEHIVE), an ongoing project aimed at uncovering the relationship between the HIV genome and disease severity. The researchers found 17 HIV-1-positive individuals infected with the VB variant in samples collected from eight cohorts in Europe and Uganda. Since 15 of these cases were from the Netherlands, the researchers then analyzed data from a cohort of 6,706 Dutch HIV-infected people, which led to the identification of an additional 92 cases in the Netherlands, bringing the total number of cases to 109.

Through further analysis, the researchers found that patients infected with VB had a viral load that was 3.5 to 5.5 times higher than the original HIV-1 strain. This means that they are more likely to spread the virus to other people.

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Human immune systems infected with the VB variant had a rapid reduction in CD4+ T cells twice as fast as the original strain. When patients are diagnosed with a variant strain of VB, they can easily develop full-blown AIDS within two to three years.

All of these mutant strains spread from person to person in the same way, such as unprotected sex and needle sharing. This suggests that VB would spread faster and be more contagious than HIV-1 strains.

In addition, patients infected with VB displayed characteristics typical of other HIV-infected persons in the Netherlands, including age, gender, and mode of transmission. This suggests that the increased infectivity of the virus is due to the properties of the virus itself, rather than the different behavior of virus carriers.

Analysis of inheritance patterns showed that the VB variant developed in the Netherlands in the early 1990s, and by 2000 it spread faster than other variants, but since 2010 cases of VB have been increasing. reduce. This may mean that VB does not appear to be a public health crisis.

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Lead author Dr. Chris Wymant, from the Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Research at the University of Oxford, said: "Before this study, it was known that the genetics of HIV is linked to virulence, which means that the evolution of new mutant strains may be possible. would alter its impact on human health. The emergence of the VB mutant strain demonstrates this, providing a rare example of the risks posed by the evolution of viral virulence."

Corresponding author Professor Christophe Fraser, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics at the Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, said: "Our findings underscore the importance of World Health Organization guidelines that individuals at risk of HIV infection should be regularly tested for Early diagnosis, and treatment as soon as the virus is detected, limits the time HIV has to damage an individual's immune system and compromise their health. This also ensures that HIV is suppressed as quickly as possible, preventing transmission to other individuals."

Despite widespread treatment and HIV hype, the VB variant has emerged, and it could have implications for drugs previously effective at inhibiting the virus' spread, the authors say.

Reassuringly, after initiation of treatment, immune system recovery and viral survival were similar to those involving other HIV strains. However, the researchers stress that VB causes a more rapid weakening of the strength of the immune system, which makes it critical for individuals to receive early diagnosis and treatment after infection. Further studies to understand these mechanisms could reveal new targets for the next generation of antiretroviral drugs.

The researchers also noted that VB displayed many mutations throughout its genome. A single genetic cause is unclear at this stage. Professor Joel Wertheim of the University of California, San Diego, who was not involved in the study, said there should be no panic.

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He wrote in a concurrent opinion article: "The observation that a more virulent and infectious mutant strain emerges does not represent a public health crisis. Let us not forget the overreaction to 'Super AIDS' in 2005, in New York at the time. Rapidly progressive, multidrug-resistant HIV infections were discovered, but those turned out to be isolated cases."

Therefore, we should now try every means to boost our immunity. Immunity is very important to the body. It is not only the body's own defense mechanism, but also the ability to eliminate any foreign intrusions (viruses, bacteria, etc.), and the ability to deal with mutant cells and virus-infected cells in the body. It is equivalent to the body's protective shield. In daily life, bacteria are actually full of bacteria in the air. Therefore, if the immune system is weak or not healthy, getting sick, taking injections, and taking medicine will become commonplace. Therefore, "immunity" is the ability of the human body's defense system that cannot be lacking. Human immunity can be well maintained and improved through natural sources of Chinese herbal health products, such as cistanche supplements.

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