How To Protect The Kidneys For Patients With High Blood Presure ?

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Hypertension is one of the most common chronic diseases with the highest incidence in the world. It is estimated that 1 billion people in the world suffer from hypertension. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in the United States show that the prevalence of hypertension is The rate is increasing year by year. The degree of control of hypertension in my country is very unsatisfactory. Many friends are worried about the impact of antihypertensive drugs on the kidneys, and some even dare not take antihypertensive drugs because they are worried about kidney damage.

We will introduce the harm of high blood pressure to the kidneys, as well as the effects of antihypertensive drugs on the kidneys.

Friends who don't have the patience to watch can directly remember this conclusion: high blood pressure hurts the kidneys more than antihypertensive drugs. I dare not take the medicine because I am worried about the side effects.

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high blood pressure damages the kidneys

Epidemiological studies have shown that chronic kidney disease caused by hypertension has become the second or third cause of uremia in developed countries. According to the dialysis registration data in my country in recent years, kidney damage caused by hypertension is also the third cause of uremic dialysis (the first two are chronic glomerulonephritis and diabetes).

How does high blood pressure damage the kidneys?

As we all know, our blood circulates in the blood vessels, and the blood flow will produce pressure on the blood vessels. This pressure is blood pressure. The kidney is an excretory organ. The blood of the whole body carries various metabolic wastes and flows through the kidneys, filtering out excess water, ions, and metabolic wastes to form urine for excretion, so the kidneys are full of blood vessels. When blood pressure is high, these blood vessels thicken their walls in order to resist the excessive pressure, at the cost of narrowing the lumen of the blood vessels. The blood vessels in the kidneys become very thin, which is not only not conducive to the filtration of toxins but also cannot guarantee the blood supply of the basic kidneys, resulting in ischemic atrophy of the kidneys. At this time, the size of the kidneys will become smaller, and the surface will "wither", like Dried apples, we call it granular pyknosis. This process is relatively slow for most hypertensive patients. In a survey of patients with hypertension for 5 years, it was found that only 10% of patients had elevated serum creatinine (a sign of decreased renal function), and for the elderly and systolic blood pressure. Only 2% to 5% of patients with >160 mmHg will progress to uremia within 10 to 15 years. Therefore, most hypertensive patients in our country are unaware of the seriousness of hypertensive renal damage in the early stage. Abnormal renal function is found and even has progressed to uremia, and patients with blood pressure control abound. To make matters worse, this kind of kidney damage is irreversible, and once it occurs, it cannot be cured.

High blood pressure or taking medicine, who hurts the kidney more?

Hypertension is a chronic disease that requires long-term and regular medication to control blood pressure. Therefore, many people think that taking medication will cause damage to the kidneys, so they refuse to take medication, or stop taking medication when they see that their blood pressure is normal. The kidneys are indeed damaged by some drugs, but of the five commonly used antihypertensive drugs, only angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) and angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) are more effective. There is a large risk of decreased renal function (usually called XXXPril or XXSartan), and other antihypertensive drugs are safe for the kidneys when taken in normal doses. However, these two medicines that may damage the kidneys are also the best medicines for protecting the kidneys. This is not contradictory. When renal ischemia is not severe, these two drugs have positive effects, and when they are severe, they have adverse effects. Therefore, patients with high blood pressure should follow the doctor's advice to take the medicine regularly. In addition, in addition to taking medicine, it is necessary to regularly go to the hospital to check various indicators.

How do protect the kidneys as patients and ordinary people?

As a hypertensive patient, regular medication and regular review are the two most important things. If creatinine has been raised, these two points should be paid more attention to. In addition, avoid exposure to unknown foods and drugs that increase the burden on the kidneys. For ordinary people, the kidney is a very strong organ. It does not need any health supplements to protect it, and it will not be "kidney deficiency" for some reason. As long as you control your weight, rest regularly, and don't eat indiscriminately. , you can have a pair of healthy kidneys. Not tossing is the greatest protection for the body.

The human body is a large blood circulatory system, and the kidney is an organ composed of many tiny blood vessels, which can be understood as a "miniature" of the systemic vascular condition.

Long-term hypertension is a large environment, and the renal blood vessels are the recipients of high blood pressure. Therefore, the small environment of the kidney will also undergo small changes, such as renal ischemic changes and impaired glomerular function. The extent of this change depends on the duration and severity of hypertension. The doctor explained that most patients with high blood pressure will have varying degrees of kidney changes, and the degree of glomerulosclerosis will also increase with age. However, very few hypertensive patients can be transferred to the nephrology department in time. Some patients patronize antihypertensive drugs and do not adjust the direction of treatment. When renal failure and uremia occur, they have lost the best time for treatment.

How to detect kidney damage early in hypertensive patients

1. Regularly do urine routine, serum urea, urine microalbumin, creatinine, cystatin C, kidney B-ultrasound, and other examinations to detect kidney health problems as soon as possible and treat them in time.

2. Take antihypertensive drugs under the guidance of a doctor. The principles of antihypertensive treatment are:

Start with small doses, preferably long-acting formulations;

Regular follow-up should be done during the course of taking the medicine;

Avoid misunderstandings such as "do not take medicine without discomfort", "only take medicine without measuring blood pressure", "do not take medicine scientifically according to the condition" and so on.

3. Pay attention to the adjustment of lifestyle, including timely weight loss, reducing sodium intake, reducing high-fat food intake, quitting smoking, limiting alcohol consumption, and moderate exercise.

4. Learn the relevant knowledge of hypertension and kidney disease, and treat it according to the doctor's advice. Do not blindly follow the propaganda of some antihypertensive devices or abuse antihypertensive remedies.

To sum up: Hypertensive patients want to protect their kidneys, they must take good care of their illnesses, and they should not be taboo and avoid doctors.