Nourishing And Protecting The Kidney With The Daily Things

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According to a survey, the prevalence of chronic kidney disease among adults in my country is 10.8%. Based on this, it is estimated that there are 120 million adult chronic kidney disease patients in my country. The results of the "China Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiological Survey" published in the internationally renowned medical journal "The Lancet" showed that only 12.5% of chronic kidney disease patients knew that they had the disease, and others were unaware of it. Because chronic kidney disease does not have any discomfort in the early stage, it is known as the "silent killer", and patients often fail to detect problems in their kidneys in time, resulting in delayed treatment. Therefore, early detection and early intervention are the keys to treating chronic kidney disease and reducing poor prognosis. In particular, it should be reminded that nourishing the kidney and protecting the kidney should start from the little things in life.

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Kidney deficiency should be classified and adjusted

"Deficiency of the kidney does not mean that the kidney is diseased. However, deficiency of the kidney is the source of all diseases, which can lead to the deficiency of the liver, heart, spleen, and lung." Traditional Chinese medicine calls the kidney the root of the five internal organs and the foundation of life. The essence and qi of the kidney can be divided into two aspects: kidney yin and kidney yang. Kidney yin and kidney yang are interdependent and restrict each other, and maintain the dynamic balance of human body functions. When the dynamic balance of human body functions is destroyed, there will be pathological changes in which the kidney yin and kidney yang are too weak or too high, which is kidney deficiency. In traditional Chinese medicine, kidney deficiency can be caused by disease or the result of aging. It is the concept of dysfunction of human internal organs and does not necessarily mean that the kidneys have lesions in human anatomy. The symptoms of kidney deficiency in different age groups of men and women are different. There are many types of kidney deficiency. In traditional Chinese medicine, kidney deficiency is mainly divided into five types: kidney yang deficiency syndrome, kidney yin deficiency syndrome, kidney essence deficiency syndrome, kidney qi deficiency syndrome, and kidney deficiency water syndrome.

The main manifestations of kidney-yang deficiency syndrome are soreness and pain in the waist and knees, fear of cold limbs, especially in the lower limbs, and lethargy; impotence and premature ejaculation in men, sclerosing and cold essence in men, infertility in women with a cold uterus, or prolonged diarrhea, and diarrhea in the fifth period. Or frequent urination, frequent urination at night.

The main manifestations of kidney yin deficiency syndrome: are weak waist and knees, dizziness, tinnitus, dry oropharynx, five upset heat, hot flashes and night sweats, evaporative bone fever, and red cheeks in the afternoon; Amenorrhea, metrorrhagia, short yellow urine.

The main manifestations of kidney-essence deficiency syndrome are growth retardation in children, short body, delayed fontanelle closure, mental retardation, weak bones; men with less sperm and infertility; women with amenorrhea, infertility, loss of libido; adults with premature aging, tinnitus, deafness, hair loss Loose, forgetful trance, dull expression, weak feet, slow movements.

The main manifestations of kidney-qi deficiency syndrome: are soreness and weakness of the waist and knees, mental fatigue, tinnitus, and deafness; frequent and clear urination, inexhaustible urine after urination, or enuresis, frequent urination at night, or urinary incontinence; men slippery, premature ejaculation; women The menstruation is dripping, the vaginal discharge is large, and the fetal movement is easy to slip.

The main manifestations of kidney deficiency syndrome are soreness and weakness of the waist and knees, tinnitus, body swelling, especially below the waist, lack of urination, fear of cold limbs, abdominal fullness, or palpitations, shortness of breath, cough, wheezing, and phlegm.

In terms of diet, it should be recuperated according to the different types of kidney deficiency. For example, people with kidney yin deficiency should eat more yin nourishing things, such as black sesame, lily, mulberry, etc. Eat less hot foods such as peppers and mutton, which may cause five upsets, hot flashes, night sweats, etc. People with kidney yang deficiency should eat more warm foods, such as oxtail soup, pigeons, etc., mutton, leeks, loach, etc., can not eat cold food; people with kidney qi deficiency can eat some black food, eat more yam, millet, chestnut and other foods that nourish the kidney qi.

Early kidney disease is not easy to detect

"The kidney has a very strong compensatory ability. As long as about a quarter of the nephrons of the human kidney is working, they can meet the normal needs of the body. Therefore, early kidney disease is not easy to detect, and once obvious symptoms appear, often has reached the stage of renal failure or even uremia. Early detection and early intervention are the keys to treating chronic kidney disease and reducing poor prognosis. When the following symptoms occur, please go to the nephrology department as soon as possible:

Unexplained edema: including eyelid or facial edema when getting up in the morning, edema after exertion, lower extremity edema, and even whole body edema.

Unexplained abnormal urine: including more foam in the urine, change in urine color, increase in nocturia, increase or decrease in urine volume than usual, discomfort such as heat, pain, astringency, frequency, and urgency when urinating.

Gastrointestinal symptoms such as unexplained poor diet, nausea, and vomiting: The above manifestations occur when metabolic acidosis occurs in renal failure.

Unexplained backache, low back pain, fatigue, chlorosis, or paleness: It may indicate the occurrence of kidney tumors, kidney stones, pyelonephritis, renal anemia, and other diseases.

Unexplained anemia, hypertension: Kidney disease is a common cause of clinical anemia and hypertension, and persistent hypertension can aggravate kidney damage.

Family history of kidney disease, chronic inflammation, obesity, hypertension, and diabetes are all high-risk factors for chronic kidney disease, and you should visit the nephrology department regularly.

Improper use of drugs, drug kidney damage

"Older people have decreased organ function and suffer from more diseases, and their medication has increased accordingly. We must be alert to the occurrence of renal damage when taking medication. We need to pay attention to common drugs that may cause renal damage:

antibiotic. Most of the antibiotics commonly used in clinics have varying degrees of nephrotoxicity. Due to the widespread use of antibiotics, acute and chronic kidney damage caused by antibiotics are the most common. The following points should be paid attention to when taking antibiotics: Avoid prolonged use of antibiotics, such as aminoglycoside antibiotics should not be used continuously for more than 10 days; avoid combined use of drugs that have synergistic effects with nephrotoxicity, such as aminoglycoside antibiotics should not be used with cephalosporin (IV). , Ⅴ, Ⅵ) in combination; avoid combined use with strong diuretics to prevent insufficient circulating blood volume and aggravating the nephrotoxic effect of antibiotics; pay attention to monitoring renal function, regularly checking urine and early detection of drug-induced renal damage.

Antipyretic analgesics. Antipyretic analgesics are prone to cause chronic interstitial nephritis and renal papillary necrosis. The occurrence of renal damage from antipyretic and analgesic drugs is often related to long-term high-dose administration. If the accumulation of phenacetin exceeds 5 kg and aspirin exceeds 8 kg, kidney damage will occur. However, there are also individual differences. People who are more sensitive to antipyretic and analgesic drugs can cause nephrotoxic damage when the above dose is not reached.

contrast agent. Contrast agents are widely used in intravenous pyelography, angiography, cholecystography, and enhanced CT. Contrast media can directly damage the renal tubules due to their hypertonicity, causing renal ischemia and decreased glomerular filtration rate, resulting in acute renal failure. Common in patients with preexisting renal insufficiency, diabetes, or dehydration. Renal function should be assessed before the use of contrast media in the elderly. Hydrate if necessary.

Chinese medicine of unknown origin. Some traditional Chinese medicines with unknown ingredients, especially some folk remedies that claim to cure all diseases, may contain nephrotoxic ingredients such as aristolochic acid, which will not only cause huge damage to the kidneys but also cause harm to the whole body. . Traditional Chinese medicine for kidney disease patients must be prescribed by a specialist.

Diabetes and hypertension patients need more kidney care

"Strict control of blood sugar and body weight is the key to preventing diabetic nephropathy. Most of the complications of diabetes are "rooted" in blood sugar levels. Long-term hyperglycemia and obesity are the most important factors in the onset of diabetic nephropathy, so diabetic patients should actively control Sugar, weight control, develop a good lifestyle, and exercise regularly to strengthen their body. In the 2010 version of the "Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Diabetes in China", the blood sugar control goals are: fasting blood sugar 3.9-7.2mmol/L, non-fasting blood sugar <10mmol/L, glycosylated hemoglobin ( HbA1c) <7.0%.

"Hypertension can accelerate the progression and deterioration of diabetic nephropathy." Wei Xiaona said whether it is type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes, converting enzyme inhibitors are the first choice for blood pressure. Followed by calcium ion antagonists, which have no adverse effect on glucose and lipid metabolism, it is recommended to use long-acting preparations or short-acting controlled-release preparations, and the combination with converting enzyme inhibitors is the best solution. The blood pressure level of adult diabetic patients should be controlled below 140/80mmHg.

"Patients with diabetes and high blood pressure should also reduce the intake of salt, oil, and protein. The daily intake of salt should be less than 6 grams, and try to eat less processed foods with high salt content such as monosodium glutamate, soy sauce, and salt soaking. Vegetable oil 20-30ml. Once the urinary protein is found, the intake of protein should be restricted, otherwise, it will aggravate kidney damage. Generally speaking, the daily protein intake of patients with normal renal function is 0.8g/(kg.d), Those with decreased glomerular filtration rate should have a daily protein intake of 0.6-0.8g/(kg.d), and ensure that the intake of high-quality protein (fish, meat, eggs) exceeds 50%.

"Patients with diabetes should check their urine routine and serum creatinine at least once a year. Early diabetic nephropathy is very "insidious" and often has no special symptoms, except that a small amount of albumin is excreted in the urine, which is difficult to detect without laboratory tests. Some experts It is pointed out that timely intervention can delay the progression of diabetic nephropathy when trace proteinuria is found. Serum creatinine should be measured once a year in order to estimate the glomerular filtration rate and screen for chronic kidney disease.

Diabetic patients should intervene immediately when urinary protein occurs. Once urinary protein occurs, no matter whether the excretion is more or less, it should go to the Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology in time. If serum creatinine is normal, renin-angiotensin system inhibitors should be used under the guidance of a doctor to reduce urinary protein.