The Relationship Between Hyperlipidemia And Chronic Kidney Disease And New Research Progress

In people's general perception, it may be surprising that young people, especially those with normal weight, have high blood lipids. However, the occurrence of high blood lipids is not only determined by age and weight but is closely related to many factors.

Click to Cistanche for kidney disease

First of all, genetic factors play an important role in the formation of high blood lipids. If there is a history of high blood lipids in the family, the risk of individuals suffering from high blood lipids will increase accordingly. This shows that the genetic background determines the individual's ability to regulate blood lipid metabolism and susceptibility to a certain extent.

Secondly, improper diet is also an important factor leading to high blood lipids. In modern fast-paced life, the widespread intake of fast food and high-sugar foods has become a "hidden" promoter of high blood lipids in daily life. These unhealthy dietary choices are often rich in high calories, high fat, and high sugar, and long-term consumption will disrupt the body's lipid metabolism balance.

Furthermore, lack of exercise is also one of the key factors causing high blood lipids. Due to busy work and other reasons, many people lack sufficient exercise, which leads to slower body metabolism. The slowdown in metabolism makes it impossible for fat in the body to be effectively consumed and transported, which in turn promotes an increase in blood lipid levels.

In addition, bad living habits, such as smoking, drinking, and staying up late, can also have a significant impact on blood lipid levels. Smoking can damage vascular endothelial cells and affect the normal metabolism of lipids; excessive drinking may cause liver damage, affecting the metabolism and decomposition of fat; and long-term staying up late will disrupt the body's biological clock, leading to endocrine system disorders, and thus affecting the normal lipid metabolism.

More importantly, long-term excessive stress, the fast pace of modern life, and the continuous pressure brought by high-intensity work can easily lead to emotional instability and endocrine disorders. This disorder will further cause abnormal lipid metabolism and increase the risk of hyperlipidemia.

The harm of hyperlipidemia is not only in itself but also in the series of serious complications it may cause. In most cases, the symptoms of hyperlipidemia are not obvious, which makes many people fail to detect it in time when blood lipids are elevated or ignore treatment because there are no obvious symptoms, thus laying hidden dangers for the occurrence of a series of serious diseases.

Long-term hyperlipidemia may first cause cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The continuous increase in blood lipids will cause atherosclerotic plaques to form on the arterial wall, causing the blood vessel wall to gradually narrow or even occlude. Once the plaque ruptures, it can cause platelet aggregation to form a thrombus, blocking blood flow, and thereby inducing serious cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease, cerebral infarction, myocardial infarction, etc.

Secondly, hyperlipidemia may also lead to endocrine diseases. When blood lipids increase, it means that there is too much fat in the body, and the synthesis and metabolism of lipoproteins are abnormal, which leads to fat accumulation in the body, thereby increasing the risk of metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes.

In addition, the digestive system is also affected by hyperlipidemia. Long-term hyperlipidemia will increase the burden on the liver and pancreas, leading to increased liver fat content and increasing the risk of fatty liver. The embolus formed by severe hyperlipidemia may block the pancreatic capillaries, thereby inducing acute pancreatitis.

It is worth noting that the latest research has found that there is also a close relationship between hyperlipidemia and chronic kidney disease.

Chronic kidney disease is a chronic progressive destruction of kidney structure and function due to various reasons, with a course of more than 3 months. At different stages of chronic kidney disease, the clinical manifestations vary. In the early stages of the disease, before stage 3, patients may have no obvious symptoms, or only mild fatigue, backache, increased nocturia, and other discomforts; a few patients may experience loss of appetite, metabolic acidosis, and mild anemia. After entering stage 3, the above symptoms will become more obvious, and will be further aggravated when entering the renal failure stage, and may even cause hypertension, heart failure, severe hyperkalemia, acid-base imbalance, gastrointestinal symptoms, anemia, abnormal mineral bone metabolism, hyperparathyroidism, and central nervous system disorders, which are seriously life-threatening.

Due to the hidden nature of the early symptoms of chronic kidney disease, it is often ignored. Moreover, chronic kidney disease has a certain heterogeneity in etiology, clinical manifestations, and renal function impairment, which makes it particularly important to explore its occurrence mechanism and identify high-risk groups through advanced technical means.

In modern medicine, personalized medicine is regarded as one of the most promising fields. The core is to optimize treatment and care methods based on the individual characteristics of patients, which requires accurate identification of disease characteristics and their evolution, correct classification and follow-up of patients, and continuous optimization of treatment methods. In this process, the application of innovative tools is crucial, and metabolomics is one of them.

As one of the main technologies for metabolomics detection, nuclear magnetic resonance has the advantages of low cost, high repeatability, high stability, non-destructive and quantitative detection, and has gradually been applied to the study of metabolic profiles of various chronic diseases. Especially in the detection of lipid metabolism, the nuclear magnetic resonance platform can accurately quantify detailed metabolites, including lipid concentrations and compositions of more than a dozen lipoprotein subgroups, so as to comprehensively examine individual lipoprotein subgroups and lipid characteristics associated with the risk of chronic kidney disease.

Recently, a research team from Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology published a research paper in the American Journal of Kidney Diseases. Prior to this, few studies have used nuclear magnetic resonance technology to investigate the direct association between metabolites and the risk of chronic kidney disease. With the help of the UK Biobank database, this study deeply explored the relationship between plasma metabolites, especially lipid metabolites, and the risk of chronic kidney disease, and further explored whether the screened differential metabolites can be used to predict the risk of chronic kidney disease. The results showed that a variety of plasma circulating metabolites are closely related to the risk of chronic kidney disease, mainly including very low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides in lipoprotein subclasses, fatty acids, amino acids, and inflammatory markers.

A total of 91,532 participants who were not diagnosed with chronic kidney disease and did not use lipid-lowering drugs at baseline were included in the study, with an average age of 55.3 ± 8.1 years, of which 57.2% were women. During the median follow-up of 13.1 years, a total of 2,269 new cases of chronic kidney disease were recorded. Compared with those without chronic kidney disease, participants with chronic kidney disease were generally older and had a higher proportion of hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. The results of association analysis showed that after multi-factor adjustment and multiple test correction (pFDR < 0.05), among the 142 metabolic indicators, a total of 90 indicators were closely related to the risk of chronic kidney disease, mainly distributed in lipoprotein subclasses, apolipoproteins, amino acids, fatty acids, glucose, and glycoprotein acetyl groups.

The study screened metabolites through LASSO regression and finally identified 9 differential metabolites, including docosahexaenoic acid, the percentage of saturated fatty acids in total fatty acids, the percentage of linoleic acid in total fatty acids, histidine, isoleucine, valine, albumin, glycoprotein acetyl groups and cholesterol esters in small-particle high-density lipoproteins. Incorporating these metabolites into the model based on clinical variables can significantly improve the predictive power of the risk of chronic kidney disease.

In summary, very low-density lipoprotein particles, high-density lipoprotein particles, triglycerides, fatty acids, amino acids, and inflammatory markers in lipoprotein subclasses in plasma are closely related to the risk of chronic kidney disease. This research result helps to deepen our understanding of the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease and provides new ideas and directions for the future prevention and treatment of chronic kidney disease.

How Does Cistanche Treat Kidney Disease?

Cistanche is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine used for centuries to treat various health conditions, including kidney disease. It is derived from the dried stems of Cistanche deserticola, a plant native to the deserts of China and Mongolia. The main active components of cistanche are phenylethanoid glycosides, echinacoside, and acteoside, which have been found to have beneficial effects on kidney health.

Kidney disease, also known as renal disease, refers to a condition in which the kidneys are not functioning properly. This can result in a buildup of waste products and toxins in the body, leading to various symptoms and complications. Cistanche may help treat kidney disease ase through several mechanisms.

Firstly, cistanche has been found to have diuretic properties, meaning it can increase urine production and help eliminate waste products from the body. This can help relieve the burden on the kidneys and prevent the buildup of toxins. By promoting diuresis, cistanche may also help Reduce high blood pressure, a common complication of kidney disease.

Moreover, cistanche has been shown to have antioxidant effects. Oxidative stress, caused by an imbalance between the production of free radicals and the body's antioxidant defenses, plays a key role in the progression of kidney disease. ies help neutralize free radicals and reduce Oxidative stress, thereby protecting the kidneys from damage. The phenylethanoid glycosides found in cistanche have been particularly effective in scavenging free radicals and inhibiting lipid peroxidation.

Additionally, cistanche has been found to have anti-inflammatory effects. Inflammation is another key factor in the development and progression of kidney disease. Cistanche's anti-inflammatory properties help reduce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inhibit the activation of inflammation mandatory pathways, thus alleviating inflammation in the kidneys.

Furthermore, cistanche has been shown to have immunomodulatory effects. In kidney disease, the immune system can be dysregulated, leading to excessive inflammation and tissue damage. Cistanche helps regulate the immune response by modulating the production and activity of immune cells, such as T cells and macrophages. This immune regulation helps reduce inflammation and prevent further damage to the kidneys.

Moreover, cistanche has been found to improve renal function by promoting the regeneration of renal tubes with cells. Renal tubular epithelial cells play a crucial role in the filtration and reabsorption of waste products and electrolytes. In kidney disease, these cells can be damaged, leading to damaged renal function. Cistanche's ability to promote the regeneration of these cells helps restore proper renal function and improve overall kidney health.

In addition to these direct effects on the kidneys, cistanche has been found to have beneficial effects on other organs and systems in the body. This holistic approach to health is particularly important in kidney disease, as the condition often affects multiple organs and systems. che has been shown to have protective effects on the liver, heart, and blood vessels, which are commonly affected by kidney disease. By promoting the health of these organs, cistanche helps improve overall kidney function and prevent further complications.

In conclusion, cistanche is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine used for centuries to treat kidney disease. Its active components have diuretic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and regenerative effects, which help improve renal function and protect the kidneys from further damage. , cistanche has beneficial effects on other organs and systems, making it a holistic approach to treating kidney disease.