Differences in Composition And Medicinal Efficacy Of Raw Products And Wine Steam-processed Products From Cistanches Herba Ⅲ

4 Discussion

4.1 Changes in the composition of Cistanche deserticola after wine stew

The core of the basic principle of Chinese medicine processing is that the medicinal properties of Chinese medicine pieces change after processing, and the root cause is that the internal material basis changes after processing [14]. This study used LC-MS technology combined with multivariate statistical methods to clarify the differences in the chemical composition of Cistanche deserticola before and after processing at the molecular level. 45 chemical components were identified from Cistanche deserticola samples. PCA combined with OPLS-DA found that the differential compounds between the raw and wine-stewed Cistanche deserticola products were echinacoside, verbascoside, isovorascoside and tubuloside B. According to the method established by our research group in the early stage [15], the mass fractions of total phenylethanoid glycosides, echinacoside, verbascoside and isoverbascoside in the extract of Cistanche deserticola slices were 19.28%, 0.99%, 0.45% and 0.26% respectively; the mass fractions of total phenylethanoid glycosides, echinacoside, verbascoside and isoverbascoside in the total phenylethanoid glycosides extract of Cistanche deserticola wine were 22.21%, 0.76%, 0.37% and 0.44% respectively. This indicates that the changes in the content of phenylethanoid glycosides such as echinacoside, verbascoside and isoverbascoside after stewing Cistanche deserticola with wine are closely related to the synergistic effect of its processing.

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4.2 Changes in the efficacy of Cistanche deserticola after stewing with wine

Hydrocortisone is an exogenous glucocorticoid. When a large amount of exogenous glucocorticoid is ingested, the adrenocorticotropic hormone secreted by the pituitary gland is inhibited, resulting in a decrease in the secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone and atrophy of the adrenal glands, which causes a series of "exhaustion" phenomena in the model animals, which is consistent with the clinical manifestations of kidney yang deficiency in traditional Chinese medicine. In this experiment, rats were given hydrocortisone for 14 consecutive days to establish a kidney yang deficiency model. The model was successfully established based on the general state, diet, and urination habits. Then, the rats were given Cistanche deserticola extract, Cistanche deserticola extract with wine, and the positive medicine Jinkui Shenqi Pill for intervention. The effects of each drug administration group on rats with kidney yang deficiency were compared in terms of body weight, body temperature, autonomic activity, organ index (kidney, testis, epididymis, seminal vesicle, prostate), renal injury index (BUN and CREA), sex hormone level (T and E2), and antioxidant (SOD and MDA). The results showed that the symptoms of kidney yang deficiency in rats in each drug administration group were effectively improved. In terms of body weight, the body weight of rats in each Cistanche deserticola treatment group increased rapidly, which alleviated the inhibition of hydrocortisone on the body weight of rats. The wine-drinking Cistanche deserticola group was better than the raw Cistanche deserticola group. In terms of rat body temperature, the wine-drinking Cistanche deserticola group could increase the body temperature of rats with kidney yang deficiency, and it was close to that of normal rats. The wine-drinking Cistanche deserticola group was better than the raw Cistanche deserticola group. In terms of spontaneous activity, each Cistanche deserticola treatment group could increase the number of spontaneous activities of rats with kidney yang deficiency induced by hydrocortisone. In terms of organ index, each Cistanche deserticola treatment group could increase the organ index of testis and epididymis, and the wine-drinking Cistanche deserticola group was better than the raw Cistanche deserticola group in improving the kidney, testis and seminal vesicle index. In terms of renal function, both the wine-drinking Cistanche deserticola and raw Cistanche deserticola groups could significantly reduce the CREA content. In terms of sex hormone levels, each Cistanche deserticola treatment group could significantly increase the levels of T and E2 in serum. In terms of content, the wine-cistanche group was more effective than the raw Cistanche group; in terms of oxidative damage, both raw Cistanche and wine-cistanche can effectively alleviate the oxidative damage caused by hydrocortisone. In terms of overall efficacy, both raw Cistanche and wine-cistanche can effectively improve the symptoms of kidney yang deficiency in rats induced by hydrocortisone. The two have different advantages in different ways, and in terms of the overall trend, wine-cistanche is better.

4.3 Principle of processing of Cistanche deserticola

This experiment identified four different components between raw Cistanche deserticola and wine-cold Cistanche deserticola, all of which were phenylethanol glycosides, indicating that the nature of its processing modification is related to the changes in phenylethanol glycosides; since the active substances of traditional Chinese medicine are often a class of substances and there is mutual conversion between phenylethanol glycosides, this experiment used 50% methanol aqueous solution to extract phenylethanol glycosides as much as possible, and compared the differences in the efficacy of Cistanche deserticola and wine-cold Cistanche deserticola extracts. In the overall trend, the effect of wine-cold Cistanche deserticola was better, indicating that echinacoside, verbascoside, isoverbascoside and tubuloside B may be the effective ingredients for enhancing the kidney-tonifying and yang-boosting effects of Cistanche deserticola after processing.

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