Phenylethanol Glycosides Are The Main Active Ingredients Of Cistanche
Mar 04, 2022
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Phenyl ethanoid glycosides (PEG) in Cistanche is one of the main active ingredients of the Cistanche genus. It is a class of compounds containing hydroxyl, methoxy substituted phenethyl and hydroxyl, methoxy substituted cinnamoyl , The natural glycosides containing ester bonds and oxo-glycosidic bonds, usually with β-glucose as the mother nucleus, are widely present in dicotyledonous plants.
39 Phenylethanol glycosides were isolated from the Cistanche plant, including 2 monoglycosides, 23 diglycosides and 14 triglycosides. Phenylethanol glycosides are mainly composed of caffeic acid, phenethyl aglycone and sugar, including echinacoside, verbascoside (Acteoside), and cistanche glycoside A~I (cistanosideA~I) , Echinacoside, Isoacteoside, 2'-acetylacteoside, acteoside, isoacteoside, 2'-acetyl leaf Cimicifugain, salidroside, etc.
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Phenylethanol glycosides
1.Phenylethanol glycosides are the highest content and most important medicinal components in Cistanche deserticola. It is hailed by Japanese scholars as a "life-nourishing factor".
2.Contains monomer molecules such as echinacoside and verbascoside.
3.It has the functions of regulating endocrine, anti-fatigue, anti-oxidation, liver protection and protecting nerves.
The "Chinese Pharmacopoeia" records that the main effective ingredients of Cistanche are: total phenethyl alcohol glycosides, including echinacoside and verbascoside（ Acteoside）.
Modern pharmacological studies have shown that apart from being a traditional Chinese medicine for invigorating the kidney and strengthening yang, Cistanche's phenethanol glycosides are mainly echinacoside and verbascoside, which are the core components of the efficacy of Cistanche.
Echinacoside
【Molecular formula】C35H46O20
【Molecular Weight】786.72
【Properties】White crystalline powder, soluble in methanol, ethanol, hot water, slightly soluble in ethyl acetate
Echinacoside has a wide range of therapeutic uses, including improving the immune system, anti-cancer effects, anti-oxidation, and liver regulation. Modern studies have shown that echinacoside can achieve pharmacological effects such as nourishing the kidney, enhancing immunity, and anti-aging by entering the human body.
In the research on the pathogenic mechanism of senile dementia and the screening of anti-senile dementia drugs, it was found that echinacoside has the ability to improve memory and learning, and can effectively prevent the early symptoms of senile dementia.
Verbascoside（ Acteoside）
【Molecular formula】C29H36O15
【Molecular Weight】624.59
【Properties】 Off-white or light yellow crystalline powder, soluble in methanol.
The antioxidant capacity of verbascum glycosides is 15 times higher than resveratrol, 8 times higher than lycopene, and 5 times higher than vitamin C. It helps to invigorate the kidney and prevent and relieve sexual dysfunction. It can increase testosterone. Quickly stimulate sperm production and maintain vitality, improve sexual function.
It also has many physiological effects such as anti-inflammatory, enhancing immunity, anti-hypoxia, scavenging free radicals, repairing DNA bases, and treating liver fibrosis.
