Brain Science Daily: Paving The Way For More Precise Diagnosis And Treatment Of Alzheimer's Disease
Mar 26, 2022
ali.ma@wecistanche.com
1. From reasoning to feeling: PNAS research reveals the decline of collective linguistic rationality in the age of social media
Changes in the frequency of use of rational-related words (top) and perceptual-related words (bottom) since 1850.
Language is explicit thinking, and various thinking habits are often implied behind various styles of vocabulary. Is it possible to perform statistical analysis on large corpora to quantify and visualize the evolution of people's thinking? Recently, a new study published by PNAS used Google n-gram data to analyze word usage in millions of book data after 1850 and found that after the 1980s, emotional word usage rose, rational word usage declined, and the public shifted from collectivism to individuals. doctrine.
Social media has a significant impact on human emotions, interests, and worldviews. The spread of disinformation, distorted perceptions, and hyperbole is amplified through social media, where people are only exposed to information that supports their pre-existing views, leading them to believe that these distorted stories are all the truth. In the post-truth era, is it to be driven by capital to harvest people's wisdom, or to adhere to principles and seek common ground while reserving differences? This is something everyone needs to think about.
2. EMBO Mol Med丨Dr. Liu Xiaohui and others used clinical proteomics technology to assist the identification of intracranial aneurysm serum markers and the characterization of related pathogenesis
Intracranial aneurysm (IA) is a disease with a high incidence in the population. At present, the diagnosis of IA still relies on imaging judgments such as digital subtraction angiography (DSA), magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), and CT angiography (CTA), which are costly and inefficient. IA, there are no predictable markers yet. Recently, Dr. Liu Xiaohui from the Biomedical Research Institute of Fudan University and Dr. Leng Bing, the chief physician of Huashan Hospital, published a paper online in the journal EMBO Molecular Medicine. By establishing a comprehensive serum marker screening method based on mass spectrometry, the possible clinical serum markers of intracranial aneurysms and the possible mechanisms of the occurrence and development of the disease were revealed, which further helped the timely detection, diagnosis, and treatment of IA patients in clinical practice.
3. The findings open the way for more precise diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease
Recently, an international team led by Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine published a study in Science Translational Medicine that has made progress in understanding why some people's Alzheimer's disease progresses so rapidly that they die within three years. major breakthrough.
The study is the first to establish a link between the properties of tau in the test tube and the duration of clinical disease in patients, finding a link between malformed tau and rapidly replicating tau and rapid cognitive decline -- an insight into Alzheimer's disease Key findings from mutated disease variants that may lead to more precise diagnosis and targeted treatment.
4. JNNP: Inheritance of amyloid burden in older adults, based on a study of older Australian twins
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multicomponent disease. Alzheimer's Disease and cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) pathology often co-occur in older adults with multiple common vascular risk factors, and it is important to understand whether the proportion of amyloid burden is genetically influenced. Recently, scientists from Australia published a new study in the Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry.
A total of 206 participants were included in the study, including 61 pairs of MZ twins. The findings suggest that %u3B2-amyloid accumulation is mostly moderately genetically influenced and susceptible to significant environmental factors. Regional differences in heritability are difficult to explain.
5. The dose-response relationship of SNRIs in the treatment of depression: a meta-analysis based on direct comparative evidence | Research Express
Selective serotonin and NE reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are some of the most widely used antidepressants in clinical practice. However, the previous evidence on the dose-response relationship of SNRIs in the treatment of depression is relatively weak. Recently, Lena Rink of the University of Cologne, Germany, conducted a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies to explore the dose-response relationship of SNRIs in the treatment of depression based on direct comparative evidence.
Studies have shown that there is no high-level evidence that there is a clear dose-response relationship between SNRIs as a whole or a specific SNRI. At higher SNRI doses, patients appeared to be at higher risk of discontinuation due to adverse events. The 95% confidence intervals for the multiple group comparisons are wide, suggesting a high degree of uncertainty in the results. The study was published online today in Psychother Psychosom.
6. Literature sharing | Adv. Mater. | In situ spray gel combined with starvation/chemodynamic therapy for postoperative treatment of IDH1 glioma
Glioma (gliomas) is the most common intracranial malignant tumor. According to the classification of WHO, the most malignant tumor is also called glioblastoma. About 12% of glioblastomas have isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) gene mutations, of which R132H mutation accounts for 92.7% of IDH1 gene mutations. Currently, surgery is considered the most effective treatment for IDH1-mutant gliomas. However, gliomas are often difficult to remove due to their indistinct margins, so tumor recurrence after surgical resection is common.
Recently, a study was published in Adv. Mater. The authors developed an in situ spray gel that synergized starvation therapy and thermodynamic therapy to kill remaining glioma cells after surgery and avoid recurrence. This method is easy to prepare and easy to use in the form of spray and has great development prospects in future clinical applications.
7. Nature's latest review: In-depth pathology, to explore the only drug that meets the six major standards of MS progression treatment?
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and degenerative disease of the central nervous system, which has attracted much attention in recent years as a neuroimmune disease. The initial course of most patients is mainly relapsing-remitting type (RRMS), which can develop into secondary progressive type (SPMS) over time, and a very small number of patients are initially primary progressive type (PPMS), so from an academic point of view, The latter two were included in progressive MS.
A recent review published in a sub-journal of Nature comprehensively uncovered the neuropathology of progressive MS and developed criteria for assessing treatment effects in progressive MS. For a therapeutic approach to be beneficial in progressive MS, treatment needs to be initiated as early as possible to counteract the substantial neurodegeneration already present at the time of diagnosis. Sinimod is the only currently approved drug in DMT that meets the six criteria for successful treatment of progressive MS presented in the review.
8. Don't get drunk! There is no cure for a hangover other than suffering, study finds
A hangover is a mild form of acute alcohol intoxication, often manifesting abnormal behavior and consciousness. The hangover is due to excessive drinking. After overnight rest, the alcohol in the body, namely ethanol, has been completely eliminated, but symptoms such as headache, dizziness, fatigue, and nausea are still present. This is because, after heavy drinking, liver cells cannot completely remove harmful substances after alcohol metabolism, such as acetaldehyde, resulting in acute poisoning symptoms.
Recently, researchers at King's College London, UK, published a systematic review in the journal Addiction to assess current approaches to hangover treatment. The study analyzed 21 hangover remedies and found that none actually worked! Currently, the surest way to prevent hangover symptoms is to stop drinking or drinking in moderation.
