Common Symptoms And Treatment Of Rheumatoid Arthritis

What is rheumatoid arthritis?

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic systemic disease with an unknown etiology, mainly characterized by inflammatory synovitis.

Its manifestation is limited joints in multiple areas such as fingers, wrists, and knees, often accompanied by the involvement of extra-articular organs and positive serum rheumatoid factor, causing muscle atrophy, joint swelling, and deformation, ultimately leading to joint deformities and loss of function.

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Rheumatoid arthritis-prone population

The incidence rate is 2-3 times that of men. It can occur at any age, with a peak onset between the ages of 40 and 60.

Clinical manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis

Early symptoms include fatigue, general discomfort, hand edema, diffuse musculoskeletal pain, and morning stiffness, which often lasts for more than an hour. Later symptoms include synovitis.

1. Symptoms of joint involvement:

(1) Hand joints: The proximal interphalangeal joints of the fingers are symmetrically affected, while the palm fingers mainly involve the center and ulnar side of the palm. The fingers are skewed towards the ulnar side and exhibit a "swan neck" "-like appearance.

(2) Wrist joint: Symmetrical lesions may occur, and the inability to straighten the wrist joint suggests invasive injury.

(3) Elbow: Raised in the olecranon due to fluid accumulation or synovitis, in addition to rheumatoid nodules.

(4) Shoulders: Pain and limited mobility in the shoulders. Injury to the glenohumeral joint leads to pain during movement or rest and typical frozen shoulder.

(5) Hips: Pain in the groin, buttocks, lower back, and knee when standing.

(6) Knee joint: During the knee joint grinding test, small twisting sounds or a feeling of holding snow can often be heard, which can be manifested as swelling, pain, local temperature rise, and fluid accumulation as one of its characteristic manifestations. It can be seen that knee joint movement is restricted, and abnormal flexion, and ligament relaxation cause changes, and muscle atrophy.

(7) Ankle: The fifth metatarsal bone was the earliest to be eroded.

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2. Extraarticular manifestations:

Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic disease that can affect the entire body, including muscle weakness, skin erythema, keratitis, vasculitis, and inflammation and dysfunction of organs such as the heart, lungs, and kidneys, in addition to joint lesions.

(1) Skin: About 20% of rheumatoid arthritis patients will have subcutaneous nodules, called rheumatoid nodules, which are single or multiple, rubber-like, and do not cause pain when pressed;

(2) Lung: Specific manifestations include pleurisy or interstitial pneumonia, pleural effusion, etc;

(3) Heart: Pericarditis, pericardial effusion, and sometimes heart valve regurgitation may occur;

(4) Eyes: Conjunctivitis, scleritis, retinal vasculitis;

(5) Other: In addition to the above problems, lymph node enlargement, anemia, weight loss, hepatosplenomegaly, etc. may also occur.

Cause of illness

The etiology of rheumatoid arthritis is not yet clear, but it has been found that its onset may be related to genetics, infection, sex hormones, etc. In Western medicine, it belongs to autoimmune diseases, and the immune system can damage our body.

In traditional Chinese medicine, it belongs to the category of "Bi syndrome". Traditional Chinese Medicine believes that "when wind, cold, and dampness are mixed, it is called Bi." This disease is often caused by the invasion of evil qi such as wind, cold, dampness, and heat, which blocks the meridians, hinders the flow of qi and blood, and presents symptoms such as joint swelling, pain, soreness, numbness, and poor flexion and extension.

Once diagnosed, patients often feel that "life is better than death", so people often say that rheumatoid arthritis is a "cancer that never dies".

Disease staging

1. Early stage - with synovitis and no cartilage destruction.

2. Mid-term - between upper and lower (with inflammation, joint destruction, and extra-articular manifestations).

3. Late-stage - already had joint structural damage, without progressive synovitis.

Test the level of joint function

1. Level I - intact functional status, able to complete normal tasks without hindrance (able to move freely);

2. Level II - able to engage in normal activities, but with one or more joint movements restricted or uncomfortable (moderate restriction);

3. Level III - can only handle a portion of general occupational tasks or self-care activities (significantly limited);

4. Grade IV - Major or complete loss of mobility, requiring long-term bed rest or dependence on a wheelchair, with little or no ability to live independently (bed rest or wheelchair).

In traditional Chinese medicine, "the kidneys govern the bones", and the quality of bones and joints is closely related to the kidneys. Poor kidneys, exposure to colds, and low immunity can lead to the development of rheumatoid arthritis.

Long-term hormone treatment of rheumatoid arthritis can lead to hypertension, diabetes, femoral head necrosis, osteoporosis, muscle atrophy, metabolic disorders, and other diseases, and "treat the symptoms but not the root causes". Only by treating with traditional Chinese medicine can good results be achieved.

Guanhua Cistanche - Tonifying kidney and essence, enhancing immunity, and promoting bone growth

1. Tonifying kidney and nourishing essence

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The Shennong Bencao Jing records that Cistanche deserticola has a sweet taste and a slight warmth. Treat the five labor and seven injuries, replenish the middle, eliminate cold and heat diseases in the stem, nourish the five organs, strengthen yin, nourish essence and qi, have more children, treat women's ailments, and take long-term medication to lighten the body.

Guanhua Cistanche has a warm nature and can nourish kidney yang and nourish kidney yin. It is used for men with insufficient kidney yang, deficiency of essence and blood, soreness and weakness of the waist and knees, and weakness of muscles and bones. It is used for women with insufficient kidney yin, deficiency of essence and black face, and withered joints.

The kidney is healed, the body is warmed up, and joint pain and other diseases in various parts of the body will be greatly reduced.

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2. Promote bone growth

The effective ingredient Pinellia ternata in Cistanche deserticola can enhance various indicators of bone tissue, and increase the proportion of osteoprotegerin (OPC) and osteoclast differentiation factor KB, highlighting its advantageous role in promoting bone regeneration.

The active ingredient pineal glycoside in Cistanche deserticola can significantly promote cell proliferation, increase bone protein content, and promote bone regeneration, which has a good therapeutic effect on bone and joint diseases, especially rheumatoid arthritis.

3. Enhance immunity

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If immunity is an army that resists foreign invasion, T lymphocytes are the soldiers of the army. The active ingredients in Cistanche deserticola, including total glycosides of Cistanche deserticola and verbascoside, can effectively increase the survival rate of T lymphocytes, thereby enhancing the body's immunity. With a strong immune system, the body can resist external sources of infection and prevent the invasion of diseases.