Research On Anti-aging of Cistanche

Contact: Audrey Hu Whatsapp/hp: 0086 13880143964 Email: audrey.hu@wecistanche.com

Liu Jing

(Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital Affiliated to the First Military Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong)

Keywords: Cistanche, anti-aging, Cistanche tubulosa

Cistanche deserticola Y.C.Ma is the fleshy stem with scale leaves of the Orobanchaceae plant Cistanche, also known as Dayun, Longongrong, Rousongrong, Goblin, Golden Bamboo.

Cistanche has the functions of tonifying the kidney, filling essence, and nourishing blood. Indications of male impotence. Female infertility, vaginal discharge, blood collapse, cold waist and knee pain, blood dryness, and constipation. In recent years, scientific research institutes have confirmed the anti-aging effect of Cistanche. The author made a review on the research of Cistanche on anti-aging.

1. Impact on the lifespan of fruit flies

Cistanche has a significant effect on the lifespan of fruit flies. Add 1%, 5%, and 10% (crude drug amount) of Cistanche to the minimal medium, and the control group is just the minimal medium.

Results: The maximum lifespan of the fruit flies in the three treatment groups♂: 70d, 74d, 75d, ♀71d, 73d, 76d, and significantly higher than the control group: ♂66d, ♀65d,

Half lethal days: ♂60.25d, 61.00d, 62.00d, ♀: 60.50d, 61.45d, and 62.25d, also higher than the control group ♂: 58.75d, ♀58.50d, prolonged average life expectancy, significant difference (P<0 .05‚ P<0.01) [1].

2. Effect on the viability of mice

Male mice weighing 20-40g were randomly divided into four groups, and the two medication groups were given two kinds of Cistanche decoction. 0.02ml/g (each ml is equivalent to 1g crude drug), continuous 14d. The weight of mice in the medication group increased significantly. Comparing with the control group, group with Cistanche, group with Cistanche salina, and group with Cistanche tubulosa are all had significant differences (P<0.01, P<0.01, P<0.05). The tolerance Oxygen capacity was also significantly better than that of the control group (P<0.01, P<0.01, P<0.05). The weight-bearing swimming time was significantly prolonged (P<0.01, P<0.01, P< 0.05). Taking Cistanche 0.5ml·d^-1 caused by cortisone in mice with "Yang Deficiency" also had a significant weight gain effect (P<0.01), and significantly prolonged the freezing resistance time (P<0.01), and was able to Improve the signs of "Yang deficiency" in mice [2]. Results The swimming time of mice in the 20, 40g·kg^-1 (crude drug) administration group was significantly longer than that of the model group (P＜0.05‚ P＜0.01). The freezing time was significantly higher than that of the model group (P＜0.01). 01) “The survival time of anti-hypoxia at normal pressure increased significantly” compared with the control group (P <0.05, P <0.01) [3]. Experiments showed that cistanche has the effect of prolonging the life span of mice. And also can significantly prolong the survival ability of mice with "Yang deficiency" and free radical damage in harsh environments.

3. Impact on the immune system

With age, the immune function of the elderly is weakened and disordered, especially the T cells function is significantly reduced [4]. Observe the effects of Cistanche on the formation of E rosettes and α-naphthyl acetate (ANAE) activity in human lymph node cells. The low concentration of Cistanche decoction (5mg·ml^-1) can significantly increase the Ea rosette rate of human peripheral blood lymphocytes (P＜0.05)‚But it does not affect Et rosette rate.

The high concentration (50mg·ml^-1) inhibits the rate of Ea and Et rosettes (P<0.01). Both high and low concentrations of Cistanche can reduce the percentage of ANAE+ lymphocytes [5]. Gavage mice with 50mg·kg-1 and 100mg·kg^-1 water extract. Both dosage groups significantly increased the weight of the spleen and thymus (P<0.01 and P<0.05). The delayed hypersensitivity (DTH) in mice sensitized to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) (P<0.01) is increased, significantly increased the number of lymphocytes infiltrated in the peripheral blood of mice, and the effect was enhanced with the increase in dose. Increase the plaque-forming cell (PFC) value (P<0.01), and the hemolysin value is higher than the control group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Increase the phagocytic percentage of peritoneal macrophages (P <0.05) and the phagocytic index (P<0.01). Increase the content of cAMP in macrophages (P <0.01), decrease the content of cGMP (P<0.01), and significantly increase the ratio of cAMP/cGMP (P <0.01), which may enhance macrophages One of the mechanisms of phagocytosis [6].

4. The effect on free radical damage and related enzymes

In recent years, studies have shown show that the lipid peroxidation of biological membranes caused by aging and free radicals is closely related to the damage of membrane structure and the inactivation of functions. Under normal circumstances, the superoxide is mainly eliminated by SOD. As age increases, the SOD activity of the aging body decreases, antioxidants decrease, and free radical damage factors (OFR-MDA) increase [7‚8], leading to body aging. To observe the relationship between aging and free radicals and related enzymes, the d-galactose-induced premature aging model group and the administration group caused free radical damage (0.9×10-2O3 concentration).

Results: The increase of monoamine oxidase (MAO-B) activity in the brain tissue of mice in the two-dose groups of 20 and 40 g/kg was significantly inhibited (P＜0.05‚ P＜0.01). Plasma, brain, and liver tissues were over-lipidized the oxide (LPO) decreased significantly (P<0.01) [3]. 2.5, 12.5, 31.25g·kg^-1 (amount of crude drug) cistanche aqueous solution can significantly increase the SOD activity of mouse red blood cells (P<0.05, P<0.05, P<0.01), significantly Reduce the content of myocardial lipofuscin [1]. Cistanche decoction 80mg·(kg·d)^-1 (12% decoction) continuously administered to mice for 30 days. The red blood cell membrane Na⁺-K⁺-ATP enzyme activity significantly increased (P＜0.01‚n=6). It may be one of the mechanisms of the tonic effect [9].

5. Effect on sexual function and monoamines

Decreased sexual function is an important sign of body aging. The de Cistanche glycosides A and C contained in Cistanche have an antagonistic effect on the learning and sexual dysfunction of male mice. The echinacea contained in it has an antagonistic effect on sexual dysfunction. Cistanche can enhance the luteinizing function of the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary and improve the response of the pituitary to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone and the response of the ovary to luteinizing hormone [10‚11]. Cistanche (crude medicine lg/d) can increase norepinephrine (NA) in rats (P<0.01) and make adrenaline (A) drop back (P<0.05). Cistanche ethanol extract (100‚20Omg·kg^-1, twice a day) can increase the NA content of the hypothalamus. The high-dose group showed a very significant difference in the increase in NA (P<0.01), which is significant for the DA/DOPAC ratio Elevating effect (P<0.05), so that the level of the striatum (DA)/DOPAC, NA showed an upward trend [13]. Therefore, Cistanche and its alcohol extract can enhance pituitary-gonad function by affecting the content of monoamine neurotransmitters in the brain, thereby delaying aging.

6. Effect on protein and nucleic acid synthesis

Cistanche affects the decrease and increase of liver and spleen nucleic acid content of "Yang deficiency" and "Yin deficiency" animals. It can significantly increase the DNA synthesis rate of the liver and spleen in mice with "Yang deficiency" caused by hydroxyurea, promote RNA synthesis, and increase protein Metabolism of nucleic acid caused mice to gain weight. There was no significant difference from the regular control group. The mechanism may be that Cistanche cistanche contains a biologically active factor that activates nucleotide reductase [14, 15]. Cistanche decoction 3g·kg^-1 (15% decoction) can antagonize the protein decomposition caused by weight-bearing exercise in mice. Serum urea nitrogen (BUN) content is significantly lower (P<0.05, n=10).

Conclusion

Aging is a normal physiological process of the human body. The physiological changes of aging affect the multifunctional system of the whole body. Causing metabolic disorders of the body, causing the dysfunction of the body's various systems, and further aggravating the aging process. Cistanche has a low-concentration enhancement and high-concentration inhibition on immune system function. Cistanche can also enhance sexual function by affecting the content of monoamine neurotransmitters in the body, improving survival in harsh environments, and significantly eliminating aging increase of free radicals in animals will enhance the protective factors in the body (SOD, etc.). In short, Cistanche can antagonize the damage of aging factors to the body through various ways to achieve the anti-aging effect.

In recent years, the research on the active ingredients of Cistanche has developed rapidly. It has been proved that Cistanche has an effect on learning and sexual function, has an antagonistic effect on low sexual behavior [10], and has an anti-aging effect [17]. Therefore, the anti-aging effect of Cistanche is closely related to its various active ingredients. Further research on its active ingredients is very important for the development and promotion of Cistanche as a health product.

References:

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[3] Sun Yun, Lin Annian, Zhang Hongquan. Research on Xinjiang Cistanche against free radical damage［J］. China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica‚1994‚19(7):433∙

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[6] "Zhang Hongquan, Zhang Aixiang. Block Niansheng. The effect of Cistanche on the immune function of mice［J］. middle Journal of Integrated Western Medicine‚1988‚8(12):736∙

[7] Zhu Hanmin, Wang Zanshun. Superoxide dismutase in the study of aging mechanism［J］. Foreign medicine ·Geriatrics Section 1985‚ (2): 49∙

[8] Wu Weikang. Increasing age affects the concentration of oxygen free radicals, superoxide dismutase activity, and the activity of myocardium in miceThe influence of malondialdehyde content［J］. Chinese Journal of Gerontology‚1994‚14(4):221∙

[9] Ding Strong, Li Shuli, Polygonatum, etc.• Six kinds of tonic drugs on mouse erythrocyte membrane Na＋－K＋－The influence of ATPase activity［J］∙Chinese patent medicine‚1990‚122(9):28∙

[10] "Sato Tiao" The pharmacological study of Cistanche-Cistanche or segmental effects on chronic stress The influence of the sexual behavior and learning behavior of the overloaded mice［J］. Foreign medicine, Chinese medicine and Chinese medicine Volume‚1987‚8(16): 33∙

[11] Li Bing, Yu Yunchu. Effects of kidney-tonifying drugs on the function of hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis[J]. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine‚1984‚(7):63∙

[12] Chen Mingdao, Kuang An, Chen Jiawei, and other yang drugs on cortisone rat model hypothalamic monoamine Research on the role of neurotransmitters［J］∙Journal of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine‚1990‚10(5):292∙

[13] Xie Jihong, Wu Chunfu, Gao Jiao Fu, etc. The effect of Cistanche Ethanol extract on monoamines in rat brain The effect of neurotransmitter-like levels［J］∙Chinese herbal medicine‚1993‚24(8):417∙

[14] Liu Fuchun, Ding Guangxi, Li Juxian·Epimedium Cistanche on the "Yang Deficiency" animal deprivation caused by the hydroxyl gland The role of oxyribonucleic acid synthesis rate［J］∙Journal of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine‚1984‚4(8):488∙