The Analysis And Thinking Of Chinese Medicine Companies Applying For Patents in The Past Ten Years——Take Tsumura Pharmaceutical And Kracie As Examples*

Abstract:

Objective To review the contents of the patents applied for between 2008 and 2020 by Japanese Tsumura Pharmaceutical Company and Kracie Pharmaceutical Company, the companies with the largest market shares of Chinese medicine for medical use and Chinese medicine for general use in Japan, so as to provide a reference for the R&D and intellectual property protection of classical Chinese medicine and health food in China. It provides a reference for the research and development and intellectual property protection of classical Chinese medicine and health food products in China. Methods Through the J-PlatPat platform, the official search channel of the Japanese Patent Office, we searched the patent applications filed by Tsumura Pharmaceutical Co. The patents filed between 2008 and 2020 by Tsumura Pharmaceutical Co. and Kracie Pharmaceutical Co. were analyzed in terms of patent layout and technical content. Results A total of 43 items were collected The patent system is built around the quality control of the whole process of Han formula products. A total of 52 licensed and utility new patents of Kracie Pharmaceuticals were collected, which are dedicated to the development of functional formulations and compositions, focusing on life improvement, aging and cancer. Kracie Pharmaceuticals has developed a patent portfolio of 52 licensed and utility patents for the development of functional formulations and combinations, focusing on areas such as lifestyle improvement, aging, and cancer, and has created objective methods for evaluating the efficacy and functionality of various products. Conclusion Tsumura Pharmaceutical The patent layout in the past ten years suggests that in the process of modernizing Chinese medicine manufacturing and going international, we should make quality improvement the main focus, establish the concept of continuous quality Kracie Pharmaceuticals' human-centered design concept of Chinese medicine and its R&D model to precisely meet consumers' health needs are worthwhile. Kracie Pharmaceuticals' human-centered Chinese medicine design concept and its R&D model to precisely meet consumer health needs are worthy of reference.

Keywords: Chinese prescription drugs, whole process quality control, prescription drugs, over-the-counter drugs, patent layout

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In the 21st century, Japan's economic strategy has changed from a "technology-based country" to an "intellectual property-based country", which has led pharmaceutical companies to pay more attention to patents. The establishment of the Japanese pharmaceutical peripheral patent system, the innovative generic strategy, and the patent-first strategy have greatly contributed to the development of the Japanese hanbok industry [1]. Patent application activities reflect the enthusiasm of hanbaku pharmaceutical companies to carry out technological innovation, while the patent content represents the latest technological achievements of the companies. Chen Zhaohui [2] counted the Chinese medicine patents filed in the United States between 1976 and 2003 and compared the patent data between China and the United States to provide a reference for the development of new Chinese medicine in China. Guo Dehai et al [3] summarized the patents on TCM inventions filed in China by Japan between 1985 and 2006 and analyzed in depth the patent strategies of Japanese pharmaceutical companies in China. L.H. Weng et al [4] searched the trademarks, patents, and other intellectual property rights of Japanese Tsumura (including Tsumura Shunto) from 1980 to 2012. A systematic analysis of Tsumura's intellectual property strategy was conducted. Zhang, Fujing et al [5] compiled the IPRs of The study that compiled the Chinese and Japanese PCT patents for Chinese medicine from 2009 to 2014 and provided a reference for the international patent layout of Chinese medicine enterprises. The literature provides a reference for the international patent layout of Chinese pharmaceutical companies. These papers provide a reference for further The literature provides a reference for further research on the patent protection policy [6], internationalization path [7], and industry management [8] of Japanese Chinese medicine. The literature provides an important basis for further research on the patent protection policy [6], internationalization path [7], industry management status [8], and TCM heritage and protection [9-10] of Japanese TCM. The study also provides an important basis for further research on the patent protection policy [6], the internationalization path [7], the status of industry management [8], and the heritage and protection of Chinese medicine [9-10].

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The production of Chinese prescription drugs in Japan is concentrated in 18 companies, including Tsumura Pharmaceutical Company and Kracie Company [11]. Tsumura Pharmaceutical Company produces 129 medical Chinese medicines (equivalent to prescription drugs in China), accounting for more than 80% of the market share of medical Chinese medicines in Japan [12]. The main products of Tsumura Pharmaceutical Company, which produces 129 medical Chinese medicines (equivalent to prescription drugs in China), account for more than 80% of the market share of Japanese medical Chinese medicines [12]. The main products include Rokunzidang, Kudzu Tang, and Hanxia Laxative Soup [13]. Tsumura, Japan The Japanese Tsumura has been the focus of patent research on Chinese prescription drugs, but there has been little systematic review of its patent applications in recent years. Kracie is a Japanese pharmaceutical company that uses Chinese prescription medicines in general (equivalent to over-the-counter medicines in China). Kracie, which has the largest market share of general-use Chinese medicines (equivalent to over-the-counter medicines in China), has In addition to its Chinese medicine business, Kracie also produces daily chemical products and health foods. The company's products include Angelica Paeoniae Pill Tablets, Chinese Pueraria Mirifica Extract EX Tablets, Coix Seed Whitening Tablets, and Bacopa Monniera Tablets. The products include Angelica Paeoniae Pill Tablets, Hanfang Puerariae Extract EX Tablets, Job's Tears Elemental Whitening Tablets, and Ba Wei Di Huang Wan A [14]. There is no Kracie has not reported any patent research on Han formula preparations. In this paper, we propose to investigate the patent research of In this paper, we intend to review the patent technologies applied by Tsumura Pharmaceutical Company and Kracie Pharmaceutical Company in the past ten years. The paper aims to review the contents of the patent applications filed by Tsumura Pharmaceutical Co. and Kracie Pharmaceutical Co.

(over-the-counter, OTC) pharmaceutical companies in Japan. The trend of innovative technology and R&D direction of Japanese pharmaceutical companies of Chinese prescription drugs and Chinese over-the-counter (OTC) drugs are analyzed. In the environment of encouraging the development of big health industry in China, it is expected to provide a good basis for the development of classical Chinese medicine prescriptions and We expect to provide a reference for the development of classical Chinese medicine prescriptions and related health products. The study is expected to provide a reference for the development of classical Chinese medicine and related health products.

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Patent Information Sources

The JPO launched a new patent information service platform, J-PlatPat [15], in March 2015, which contains electronic documents of all Japanese licensed patents (equivalent to invention patents in China), utility model patents (equivalent to utility model patents in China) and design patents (i.e., design patents) published since 1885. In this paper, by J-PlatPat, a Japanese patent information platform, to search the patent documents filed by Tsumura Pharmaceuticals between 2008 and 2020. The patent documents filed by Tsumura Pharmaceuticals from 2008 to 2020 were searched, and a total of 43 licensed and utility patents were obtained. A search of patent applications filed by Kracie between 2008 and 2020 yielded 43 licensed and utility patents. A search of patent documents filed by Kracie between 2008 and 2020 yielded a total of 52 licensed and utility patents.

2 Patents of Tsumura Pharmaceutical Co.

Figure 1 shows the layout of the patent applications filed by Tsumura Pharmaceutical Company in the past ten years: The number of patents related to the cultivation of raw drugs accounts for about 16.3%, and quality control-related patents account for about 83.7%. The number of patents related to the cultivation of raw drugs accounts for about 16.3%, and quality control-related patents account for about 83.7%. The number of patents related to quality control includes raw drug identification, microbial limit and pesticide residue inspection, composition analysis technology, and bioassay.

The number of patents related to quality control includes herb identification, microbial limit and pesticide residue inspection, composition analysis technology and biological measurement, accounting for 14.0%, 19.4%, 44.4%, and 22.2% respectively. The results indicate that Tsumura Pharmaceutical Company of Japan has built a solid proprietary quality control system around the whole process of Chinese prescription products. quality control of Han formula products, and has built a solid proprietary technology system. From the source of Hanbang preparations quality control is carried out at the source of raw herbs, microbial limits and pesticide residues, preparation of control products, composition analysis and bioactivity determination. The quality of Chinese herbal preparations is controlled in all aspects, including cultivation, identification, microbiological and pesticide residue inspection, preparation of control products, analysis of ingredients, and determination of biological activity.

2.1 Herbal Cultivation

Tsuchimura Pharmaceutical Company's raw medicine cultivation patents in the past decade involve ginseng, Poria, Scutellaria, Poria and other species. Among them, there are two patents around ginseng cultivation technology, such as: in order to prevent ginseng from successive crop barriers and less susceptible to sunlight, soil, etc., and to save costs, it invented a method of cultivating ginseng using non-circulating flowing water and special cultivation beds in 2012 [17], in which ginseng seedlings are fixed on a granular planting bed consisting of one or more of sand, gravel and small stones, and a part of the root circle of the ginseng seedlings is in constant contact with non-circulating running water; in 2015, a system for growing ginseng indoors was invented system [18], which features a multi-layered shelf to plant ginseng seedlings diagonally, the system also controls environmental conditions such as temperature, light source and soil moisture content conditions.

There are four patents around the cultivation technology of Poria, Scutellaria, Poria, and Rhizoma. In 2014, the invention of adding ammonium salts as a substrate to the bacterial bed to promote the growth of mycelium, resulting in excellent Poria production and low environmental pollution [19]. culture method [19]; for the problem of high cost of manual harvesting of Scutellaria baicalensis seeds, a 2016 invented a low-cost method to obtain Scutellaria seeds in large quantities [20]; a In 2016, we invented a cultivation method that can shorten the cultivation period of Poria by increasing the symbiosis rate of honeysuckle and poria. to shorten the cultivation period of Poria [21]; in 2018, a cultivation method has invented that method for the cultivation of Porphyra japonica with lower harmful element content than conventional and stable berberine content [22]. In 2018, a hydroponic method was invented for the cultivation of Poria japonica with a lower content of harmful elements and stable berberine content [22].

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2.1 Herbal Cultivation

There are four patents around the cultivation technology of Poria, Scutellaria, Poria, and Rhizoma. In 2014, the invention of adding ammonium salts as a substrate to the bacterial bed to promote the growth of mycelium, resulting in excellent Poria production and low environmental pollution [19]. culture method [19]; for the problem of high cost of manual harvesting of Scutellaria baicalensis seeds, 2016 invented a low-cost method to obtain Scutellaria seeds in large quantities [20]; a In 2016, we invented a cultivation method that can shorten the cultivation period of Poria by increasing the symbiosis rate of honeysuckle and poria. to shorten the cultivation period of Poria [21]; in 2018, a cultivation method has invented that method for the cultivation of Porphyra japonica with lower harmful element content than conventional and stable berberine content [22]. In 2018, a hydroponic method was invented for the cultivation of Poria japonica with a lower content of harmful elements and stable berberine content [22].

According to the literature, the top ten prescriptions sold by Tsumura Pharmaceutical Company for medical use of Chinese prescriptions The top 10 prescriptions in terms of sales are: Da Jian Zhong Tang, Bai Zhong Yi Qi Tang, Liu Jun Zi Tang, Liver Suppressing Powder, Plus Flavor Prosperity Powder, Maimendong Tang, Paeoniae and Licorice Tang, Niu Che Kidney Qi Pills, Chai Ling Tang and Xiao Qing Long Tang, all of which have billion-yen These prescriptions have billion-yen sales and are increasing year by year [23]. The composition of the above prescriptions [24] is shown in Table 1. Table 1 shows that the common raw herbs used in these prescriptions are: ginseng, poria, glycyrrhiza, huangcao, and pseudostellaria, Poria, Glycyrrhiza, Scutellaria and Poria, etc., which are similar to the herbal varieties in the company's patent application for herbal cultivation. The cultivation of medicinal plants involves not only the seeds but also the seeds.

The cultivation of medicinal plants involves not only seeds and seedlings, growing environment and cultivation methods, but also the cultivation of field plants. cultivation of medicinal plants involves not only seeds and seedlings, growing environment and cultivation methods, but also field management and pest and disease control. The cultivation of medicinal plants involves not only the seedling growth environment and cultivation methods but also field management and pest control. In 2008, Tsumura Pharmaceuticals invented a method to control pests in the field using carbon dioxide. In 2008, Tsumura Pharmaceutical invented a method and pest control device for pest control using carbon dioxide in the field [25].

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