Visual Analysis Of Traditional Chinese Medicine in The Treatment Of Primary Dysmenorrhea Based On Citespace Knowledge Map

( Medical School, Lishui University, Zhejiang Province, Lishui 323000, China)

Abstract:

 Obiective To understand the current research status and research hotspots in the field of 'TCM in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea (PD), and to provide direction for future research. 

Methods Data analysis GiteSpace 6. 1. R6 was used to visualize theiteralure on PD treated by traditional Chinese medicine in China National Knowledge Network ( CNKl) from January 1. 2013 to December 31, 2022. Results After screening, a total of 1054 kinds of literature were included. 'The annual number of published papers showed an increasing trend year by year. Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine published the most articles. Keyword analysis showed that the content of their search is concentrated in acupuncture, acupoint application and clinical research, and so on. "The most prominent keywords were cold coagulation and blood stasis. Conclusion 'The current research focus is the clinical elect of heat-sensitive moxibustion on PD. With the thdeepening of research, the next step will be the combination of acupuncture and medicine, and holographic therapy, and the research on the mechanism of heat-sensitive moxibustion and combined treatment will become a new hot spot. The research content will be gradually improved the research direction will be more diversified.

Keywords : primary dysmenorrhea: visual analysis: trend of development

TCM HERBAL SUPLLEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF PRIMARY DYSMENORRHEA (PD)

Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) refers to the occurrence of spasmodic pain in the lower abdomen during menstruation or menstruation, accompanied by symptoms such as backache, general weakness, and loss of appetite in the absence of obvious pelvic organic lesions. [1]

According to statistics, the incidence rate of primary dysmenorrhea is as high as 45% to 97%, which seriously affects patients' work and study [2].

Traditional Chinese medicine is easy to operate, has significant curative effects, and has few adverse reactions, so it is widely used in clinical practice. Current research on the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea with traditional Chinese medicine involves many aspects such as treatment techniques, mechanisms of action, etiology and pathogenesis, etc., but no literature has yet sorted this out. Given this, this study used Cite Space software to visualize the authors, institutions, keywords, and other information of existing studies.

We will analyze the current situation, hot spots, and frontiers in this field objectively, and predict the future development direction, to provide some reference for scholars.

1 Data and methods

1.1 Data sources and retrieval methods

The data in this article come from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database, and the search method is "(topic = primary dysmenorrhea + cold-dampness stagnation type primary dysmenorrhea + blood stasis type primary dysmenorrhea) AND

(Article abstract% Traditional Chinese Medicine)", the literature sources were selected from academic journals, dissertations, and results, the search time was from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2022, and the subject selection was traditional Chinese medicine, integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine, obstetrics and gynecology and In Chinese Materia Medica, a total of 1,270 documents were retrieved. After the manual exclusion of irrelevant topics, duplicates, etc., 1,054 documents were finally included.

1.2 Data processing

1.2.1 Inclusion criteria

Chinese literature on clinical research on the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea in the field of traditional Chinese medicine.

1. 2. 2 Exclusion criteria

 ①Conferences, newspapers, reports, patents, etc.; ②Documents unrelated to the topic; ③Duplicate documents; ④Systematic reviews, Meta-analysis, mechanism of action studies, etc.; ⑤Incomplete document titles, keywords, journals, and author information.

1. 2. 3 Merge keywords

Merge synonymous keywords: such as traditional Chinese medicine and traditional Chinese medicine, efficacy and clinical efficacy, acupuncture treatment and acupuncture, etc.

1. 2. 4 Data visualization

This study uses the data analysis CitéSpace6. 2. R2 for data visualization. Export the selected file in CNKI as Refworks and name it "downloaded". After importing the data file into CiteSpace 6.2.R2, set its parameters as follows: ①Time Slicing from January 2013 to December 2022, Set Years Per Slice to 1; ②g-index is set to k = 25; ③Pruning selects Pathfinder, Pruning sliced newcomers, and Pruning the merged newcomers. According to different data analysis needs, select Investigation and Keywords to generate different graphs for analysis.

2 Result Analysis

2.1 Analysis of Publication Volume

The number of literature published each year was counted using CiteSpace software, and the data was imported into Microsoft Excel to analyze the number of publications. The number of literature published in the field of TCM treatment of primary dysmenorrhea has fluctuated slightly in the past 10 years, but it has generally shown an upward trend. The year with the most publications in the past 10 years was 2020, with 142 articles. After 2020, the number of publications has dropped significantly, which may be related to the outbreak of the new coronavirus epidemic, and more researchers have shifted their focus to fighting the epidemic. See Figure 1.

Figure 1 Number of research papers on TCM treatment of primary dysmenorrhea from 2013 to 2022

2.2 Analysis of cooperation among research institutions

The CiteSpace software was used to visualize the cooperation among institutions in 1054 papers (thread = 6). A total of 335 institutional nodes were generated with a density of 0.0016, indicating that the cooperation among institutions was not close and they were more inclined to conduct separate research. Institutions with close cooperation relationships are mostly universities and their affiliated hospitals in the same province or region. For example, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Only a few institutions cooperate across regions, such as Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. In addition, the overall trend of research institutions being more in the north than in the south is shown in Figure 2.

By reviewing the literature, it can be seen that the research directions of various institutions are not the same. For example, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine mainly studies the clinical efficacy of acupuncture treatment on primary dysmenorrhea [3-5], Liaoning University of Chinese Medicine mainly studies the clinical observation of Xuefu Zhuyu Capsule and herbal moxibustion on primary dysmenorrhea [6,7]. At the same time, Liaoning University of Chinese Medicine pays more attention to summarizing the research experience of different researchers [8,9], and Shandong University of Chinese Medicine mainly studies the medication rules of traditional Chinese medicine treatment [10,11]. This not only enriches the research field of traditional Chinese medicine treatment of primary dysmenorrhea but also provides directions and ideas for future research.

2.3 Keyword analysis

2.3.1 Research hotspot analysis

The depth of the color in the co-occurrence graph indicates the order of publication time. The lighter the color, the closer the publication time of the document is to the present. The size of the node represents the frequency of keyword occurrence. The larger the node, the higher the frequency of occurrence. The dark purple circle outside the node represents the high betweenness centrality of the document. Through the analysis of the co-occurrence graph of keywords, we can get the research hotspots of TCM treatment of primary dysmenorrhea from 2013 to 2022.

CitechSpace generated a total of 306 nodes and 318 links. The top 5 keywords in terms of frequency are dysmenorrhea, traditional Chinese medicine, clinical efficacy, acupuncture, and acupuncture treatment. The top 5 keywords in terms of betweenness centrality are Guanyuan, dysmenorrhea, qi stagnation and blood stasis, etiology and pathogenesis, and irregular pain. The most popular TCM therapy in the field is acupuncture, and the treatment type is mainly qi stagnation and blood stasis. The most used acupoint for treatment is Guanyuan. The research direction mainly focuses on the treatment effect and etiology and pathogenesis of acupuncture. See Figure 3 and Table 1.

Figure 2 Cooperation chart of institutions that provide traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea from 2013 to 2022